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Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Also called Congestive
Cardiomyopathy
Most common type (90% of cases)
Characterized by ventricular
chamber enlargement with
impaired systolic function.
Ejection fraction <40%
Causes:
Pathophysiology of DCM
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Diagnostic Tests
ECG: Non-Specific changes; may show LVH,
occasionally LBBB, ventricular & atrial
arrhythmias, sinus tachycardia
Chest X-Ray: Multichamber dilatation w/
congestive features
Echocardiography: Multichamber dilatation, LV
wall motion abnormalities usually global
hypokinesia (diagnostic tool of choice)
Coronary Angiography: Normal coronary arteries
Angiography indicated only to rule out ischemic
heart disease
Cardiac MRI (involving infiltrative disease)
Clinical Features:
May occur at any age
Slowly progressive signs and symptoms of
CHF (shortness of breath, easy fatigability,
& poor exertional capacity)
Pulmonary congestion (Dyspnea,
Orthopnea, Rales)
Systemic Congestion (JVD, Hepatomegaly,
Edema)
S3 heart sound
Death attributable to progressive cardiac
failure or arrhythmias
Treatment:
Removal of offending agent
Conventional Therapy for systolic heart
failure (ACE Inhibitors, diuretics, lowdose beta-blockers, and digitalis)
Surgery options:
1) Batista procedure
2) Mechanical assist device
3) Cardiac transplantation
treatment!)
4) Others
(Best