Chapter 4: Emotions and

Moods

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LO 1

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

In the past, emotions were ignored in OB

Myth of rationality
Managers worked to make emotion-free
environments.
Emotions were believed to be disruptive.
Emotions interfered with productivity.
Now we know that emotions cant be
separated from the workplace.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 1

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 1

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

Six essentially universal emotions

1. Anger
2. Fear
3. Sadness
4. Happiness
5. Disgust
6. Surprise

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 1

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

May be placed along a spectrum of

emotion

Disgust
Happines Surprise Fear Sadness Anger Disgust
s

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 1

Differentiate Between
Emotions and Moods

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Discuss Whether Emotions Are

Rational and What Functions They
Serve

LO 2

Decision Making

Thinking

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Feeling

Discuss Whether Emotions Are

Rational and What Functions They
Serve

LO 2

Do emotions make us ethical?

Research on moral emotions questions the
previous belief that emotional decision
making is based on higher-level cognitive
processes.
Our beliefs are shaped by our groups,
resulting in an unconscious feeling that our
shared emotions are right.
People who are behaving ethically are at
least partially making decisions based on
their emotions and feelings, and this
emotional reaction will often be a good thing.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 3

Identify the Sources of

Emotions and Moods

Personality
Moods and emotions have a trait
component.
Affect intensity how strongly people
experience their emotions.
Time of Day
There is a common pattern for all of us.
Happier in the midpoint of the daily
awake period.
Day of the Week
Happier toward the end of the week.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 3

Identify the Sources of

Emotions and Moods

Weather
Illusory correlation no effect.
Stress
Even low levels of constant stress can
worsen moods.
Social Activities
Physical, informal, and dining activities
increase positive moods.

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 3

Identify the Sources of

Emotions and Moods

Sleep
Poor sleep quality increases negative
affect.
Exercise
Does somewhat improve mood,
especially for depressed people.

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 3

Identify the Sources of

Emotions and Moods

Age
Older people experience fewer negative
emotions.
Sex
Women tend to be more emotionally
expressive, feel emotions more
intensely, have longer-lasting moods,
and express emotions more frequently
than do men.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Show the Impact Emotional

Labor Has on Employees

LO 4

Emotional labor an employees

expression of organizationally desired
emotions during interpersonal
transactions at work.
Emotional dissonance occurs when
employees have to project one emotion
while simultaneously feeling another.
Can be very damaging and lead to
burnout.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Show the Impact Emotional

Labor Has on Employees

LO 4

Types of Emotions
Felt: the individuals actual emotions.
Displayed: required or appropriate
emotions.
Surface acting: hiding ones inner
feelings and foregoing emotional
expressions in response to display
rules.
Deep acting: trying to modify ones
true inner feelings based on display
rules.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Describe Affective Events

Theory and Identify Its
Applications

LO 5

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Describe Affective Events

Theory and Identify Its
Applications

LO 5

An emotional episode is actually a series of

emotional experiences triggered by a single
event.
Current and past emotions affect job
satisfaction.
Emotional fluctuations over time create
variations in job performance.
Emotion-driven behaviors are typically brief
and variable.
Both negative and positive emotions can
distract workers and reduce job performance.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Describe Affective Events

Theory and Identify Its
Applications

LO 5

AET offers two important messages:

1. Emotions provide valuable insights
into how workplace hassles and
uplifting events influence employee
performance and satisfaction.
2. Emotions, and the events that cause
them, should not be ignored at work
because they accumulate.

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

LO 6

Contrast the Evidence For and

Against
the Existence of Emotional
Intelligence

Emotional Intelligence is a persons

ability to
Perceive emotions in the self and
others.
Understand the meaning of these
emotions.
Regulate ones emotions accordingly in
a cascading model.

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Identify Strategies for Emotion

LO 7

Regulation and Their Likely

Effects
Selection
EI should be a hiring factor, especially
for social jobs.
Decision Making
Positive emotions can lead to better
decisions.
Creativity
Positive mood increases flexibility,
openness, and creativity.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Identify Strategies for Emotion

LO 7

Regulation and Their Likely

Effects
Motivation
Positive mood affects expectations of
success.
Feedback amplifies this effect.
Leadership
Emotions are important to acceptance
of
messages from organizational leaders.
Negotiation
Emotions can affect negotiations.
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Identify Strategies for Emotion

LO 7

Regulation and Their Likely

Customer Service Effects
Emotions influence customer service.
This influences repeat business and
customer
satisfaction.
Emotional contagion = catching
emotions
Job Attitudes
A good day at work tends to be followed by
a good
mood at home and vice versa.
This usually dissipates overnight.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Identify Strategies for Emotion

LO 7

Regulation and Their Likely

Effects
Deviant Workplace
Behaviors
Negative emotions lead to workplace
deviant
behaviors.
Actions that violate norms and
threaten the
organization.
Safety and Injury at Work
Dont do dangerous work when in a bad
mood.
Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Apply Concepts about

LO 8
Emotions
and Moods to Specific OB
How Managers CanIssues
Influence Moods
Use humor and praise to increase
employees
positive moods.
Being in a good mood oneself can result in
more
positivity and better cooperation.
Selecting positive team members can have a
contagion effect.

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Implications for Managers

To foster effective decision making, creativity,
and motivation in employees, look to model
positive emotions and moods as much as is
authentically possible.
Provide positive feedback to increase the
positivity of employees.
In the service sector, encourage positive
displays of emotion, which make customers
feel more positive and thus improve customer
service interactions and negotiations.

Copyright 2015 Pearson Education Ltd.

Implications for Managers

Regulate your intense emotional
responses to an event by recognizing the
legitimacy of the emotion and being
careful to vent only to a supportive listener
who is not involved in the event.
Be careful not to ignore co-workers and
employees
emotions; do not assess others behavior
as if it were
completely rational.
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