Mobility Management in Wireless

communication System

Prepared By; Muhmmad Zahid

Mobility Management
Mobility management play a significant role in
the current and future of wireless networks to
deliver a service during users movement.
It actually deals with Location management,
Handoff management and location update in
communication. In all these locate mobile node,
track movement and update location information.
In
which
user
profile
contains
location
information as well as service information as a
billing
information
and
authentication
information.

Advantages
Many
advantages
of
mobility
management like quality of service
much better and regarding security
aspects.

Location Management
It is fundamental issue in networking, it
assume in cellular and internet networking.
In cellular network each cell or mobile
support service (MSS) cover area of a few
mile, but know it reduce to meter due to
network congestion and mobility of user it is
difficult for MSS to cover a large area like
personal communication network.
Each
and every user contain a unique ID or IP
address to identify it for delivery of service.

How all location management

working in GSM

Handoff Management
In handoff management is basically when a user
move from one base station to another base station,
call should be efficiently transfer from one base
station to another it would be no effect of call
dropping.
Two main types Hard Handoff and Soft Handoff.
In hard handoff connection is broke from current BS
before to connect next BS, also called break-beforemake.
In soft handoff work in parallel connection is
established to next and then leave the current BS
also called make-before-break.

Location Update
In which mobile device need to inform or keep update
network about its location while its moving from one
base station to another. In which mobile find location
area code from its update and sent it to network for his
previous information and request for location update and
also contain temporary mobile subscribers identity.
Because network perform IMSI operation so it need all
this location update. It could be periodic or random
location update. IMSI is a identification associated with
GSM and UMTS users, contain HLRs and VLRs.
Temporary mobile subscriber identity use to identification
between mobile and networks. When a mobile switched
on TMSI assign a VLRs its a local updating processes.

Operational Principles
Mobile node contain two addresses permanent
home address and care of address. Home
agent contains permanent home address in
home agent networks, foreign agent contain
info while mobile node moving its networks. In
care of address use in routing temporary IP
mobile node address to identify and forward
massages to mobile device by its home
address irrespective of their location on
internet while by looking local endpoint of
tunnel to its home agent.

Terminologies
Mobile node: it is end device using application
and keep changing their positions.
Home location register: it contains user profile
like account information and status preferences
subscribed by user and user current location. It
use in MSC to deliver a arrive call.
Visitor location register: same as a HLRs but it
hold temporary and exact location information
come from HLRs also help MSC to roaming a
call.

Paging and Location Updating in

GSM
In paging call arrive it paged in all cell of
network, it face signaling overhead and delay
in call/sms/data-packet delivery.
Numbering of national and international plan
enable customers from different areas can call
one another by specific country code. IMSI for
subscriber and IMEI for mobile device for their
identifications. In IMSI contain MCC, MNC and
MSIDN. In IMEI allocated by manufacturer
register by network and stored in equipment
identity register.

Networking and Routing

Network is a group of people sharing information
from a server for their respective applications, it
contains heterogeneous devices in same server
so to manage accurately that there will be no
congestion. To do this accurately we use routing,
in which move information from a source to
destination in networking. It perform two
functions one is optimal use of rout and second is
the transfer of information packet on network to
ease of every device to accesses it. After this we
done packet switching and path selection for
information sharing.

Types of MM
IETF assign IP, IPV6 to manage mobility in wireless
networks. Mobility management in network can be
managed by different protocols of different managements
likes:
Personal: In which person moves between BS.
Node: In which mobile device change its connection
points.
Application: In which a device migrate one BS to another
BS during use of application.
Session: In which network session from one network
device to another.
Service: In which available service user use to keep
available in next location where he is moving.

Mobility Management
Protocols
Mobility management can be handled at
different layer of open system interconnection
(OSI) model. Like network, transport and
application layer management.
Most focus in mobility management is on IPV6
and proxy mobile IPV6 protocol.
For future research on mobility management in
software defined networks and mobility in
network function virtualization environment by
PMIPV6. It is mostly related to virtual machines.

Network Virtualization
1. Virtualization is fundamental function in network
architecture, it get internet and other services of a
different architecture on a same physical medium, to
offers infrastructure and service providers. Infrastructure
manage physical resources while in service create virtual
network by combing resources from different architecture
from service provider and offer end to end delivery of each
service
to
networks.
In
which
virtual
private,
programmable and overlay network. VPN connect multiple
distributed sites through tunnel over public network.
Overlay network is implement on application layer, it use
in weak but effective tool to deploy new features.
Programmable network enable customize network
element based on requirement.

Mobility IPV6 protocol

Mobility support in IPV6 enables transparent routing,
identification and location system of mobile node. Mobile
node assign a home address HoA to use at each layer
connection.
MN change its IP layer attachment in network it need a
new HoA from foreign agent to maintains a connection.
IPv4 support 4 billion hosts with 32 bit while in IPv6
support 128 bit and support up to trillion hosts.
Mobile IPV6 contain three part: unicast, multicast and
anycast. It is an hexadecimal base 16 start from 0---F.
Every 4 hex separated by a colon :and represents 16
bit or 2 byte.
3FFE:80F0:0002:0000:0000:0010:0000:0000

Future Work
In future my focus is on routing of
IPv6 and other protocols and mostly
how efficiently managed mobility
management in network function
virtualization and software defined
networks.

Any Question ?