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TRANSFORMER
PROJECT (PHASE I)
PRESENTATION
Under supervision of:
Dr. G. BASKAR M.E., FIE., Ph.D.
The Principal
By:
M. RIYAS AHAMED
(511312411011)
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OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this present work is to investigate the performance and transient behavior
of conventional electromagnetic current during power system switching faults. The project
work has been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink simulation tools.
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INTRODUCTION:
Current Transformer:
Current transformers (CT) are important elements of relay protection because they are
the main source of information for the measuring organs of the devices of relay protection,
and the accuracy of the transformation of primary currents by high voltage and intervening
CT determines the reliability of the operation of the entire protection.
Types of current transformers:
Electro Magnetic Current Transformer (EMCT)
Hall Effect Current Transformer (HFCT)
Magneto Optic Current Transformer (MOCT)
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INTRODUCTION:- (cont.)
Transient:
The electrical transients are well known and unavoidable disturbing events that causes severe
problems to the electric power systems. The origin of transients are switching transients,
lightning, and other faults.
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SCOPE OF WORK:
Different types of switching faults are considered for conventional electromagnetic current
transformers (EMCT). The switching faults include symmetrical & unsymmetrical switching, effect
of current transformer secondary opening, and the effect of load switching. The system is modeled
to be a 120KV constant voltage source supplying a distributed load of 100MVA through a
transmission line of 300km length.
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SIMULATION:
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TESTING:
Effect of Symmetrical & Unsymmetrical switching.
Effect of CT secondary open.
Effect of Load switching.
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The first component is the AC sinusoidal component having amplitude and lagging the
voltage phasor by an angle .
The second component is DC or transient component which decays exponentially with a
time constant L/R.
If switching takes place in an instant when = 0, the DC component will be zero and the current
wave will be symmetrical.
If the switch is closed when - = /2, the DC component will be maximum and the first peak
of the resultant current i will approach twice the peak of the final steady state current. It results the
unsymmetrical waveform.
M.E(PSE) - Project Phase 1
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CONCLUSION
The simulation results have shown that electromagnetic current transformers (EMCT) can suffer
heavily from transient saturation during switching of heavy load and unsymmetrical switching.
Based on this work it is safe to declare that EMCT can be used for normal monitoring and
measurement applications in utility. It is not good for the reliable protection and control
application in high power application.
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THANK YOU
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