Planning

By
Dr. Hala Yehia

!Good Morning

Management Process

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Planning

Objectives
At the end of this lecture the student will be able
:to
Define the planning
List purpose of planning
Identify steps of planning process
Mention planning hierarchery
Enumerate factors lead to poor planning

Planning
Planning is the determination of what is to be

accomplished

Planning
Planning is deciding in advance,

what to do
how to do it
when to do it
Where to do it
and who will do it

Planning

Planning is the process of selecting and developing

the best course of action to accomplish an
objective.
Planning is keystone
of all other management functions.

Purposes of planning
1) It leads to success in achieving goals and
objectives
2) It provides for effective utilizaation of
avilable personnel and facilties
3) It helps in coping with crisis situations

Purposes of planning
4) It is cost effective
5) It could be used to discover the need for
change
6) It is needed for effective control

Steps of planning process

1) Establish objectives
2) Analyze situation and create planning premises
3) Determine alternative courses of action
4) Evaluate alternatives
5) Choose and implement plan

According to time span

Short
Range plans

Intermediate
Range plans

Long
Range plans

At
the unit level

By
middle manager

By
Top manager

)One day to One year)

)One to Five years)

)to 15 years 5)

According to usage of plan

Single- use plans

To accomplish a
specific purpose and
are then discarded
Used for one time
eg. Program or project

Standing plans
Repeated use plans
Policies, procedures
rules &
Used repeatedly

Planning Hierarchy

Mission
Philosophy
Goals
Objectives
Policies
Procedurs
Rules

III. Formulation of organizational mission,

objectives and goals
Mission
The purpose or mission is a brief statement
identifying the reason that an organization exist
and its future aim or function.

Clarification of the purpose or mission

is the first priority for planning.

Mission
Most nursing services exist to:
Provide high-quality nursing care to clients
Encourage teaching and research
In-service education

Mission
Example:

A childrens hospitals mission statement in

:Virginia reads
To provide the highest level and quality of
.pediatric care available in our community

Philosophy
A written statement that delineates the set of
values and beliefs that guide all actions of
the organization
A statement of philosophy can usually be
found in policy manuals at the institution .

Philosophy
Example:
We belief that each patient is considered a unique
individual, with unique needs.

Goals & Objectives

Goals and objectives are the end results toward
which the organization is working.
If the organizational objective formulated
properly they
can be converted into specific actions
provide direction
Establish

long-

run

priorities

organization
Facilitate management control

for

the

Objectives
Objectives are similar to goals in that motivate
individuals to a specific end, and are explicit
measurable, observable and obtainable .
objectives are more specific and measurable
than goals because they identify how and when
the goal is to be accomplished .

Examples
Goal
All registered nurses will be proficient in the
administration of intravenous fluid

Objectives
All registered nurses will complete a training course
IV Therapy certification within one month
of beginning employment . The hospital will bear
the cost of this program.

Policies
Policies are statements or instructions that direct
organizations in their decision making.
A policy is a guideline that has been formalized

Procedures
Procedures are detailed directions for action that
provide step by step directions and method for
common situations
Procedures manuals provide a basis for
orientation and staff development and are a
ready reference for all personnel.
Good procedures can result in time and labor
savings.

Rules

Rules and regulations are plan that defines

specific action or non action.
Rules describe situations that allow only one
choice of action.

Poor Planning
Poor planning results in:
Disorganized and uncoordinated activities
Wasting time and money

Poor Planning
Factors that lead to poor planning
Lack of knowledge and skills about how to plan
Lack of understanding about external environments
Inadequate unorganized support
Inappropriate use of plan
Resistance to change by individuals
To much or not enough details in planning activities

Finally

Without adequate planning

the manager finds , getting started is very
difficult
and begins to manage by crises

The End

The End

Thank you