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HAZARDS AND
CONTROLS
INTRODUCTION
Electricity:
is a widely used, efficient and convenient,
but potentially hazardous method of
transmitting and using energy.
use in every factory, workshop, laboratory
and office in the country.
has the potential to be very hazardous
with possible fatal results.
Electrical
INTRODUCTION
LEGISLATION
Legislation:
Has been in place for many years to
control and regulate the use of electrical
energy and the activities associated with
its use.
Provides a framework for the standards
required in the design, installation,
maintenance and use of electrical
equipment and systems.
Provides the supervision of these activities
to minimize the risk of injury.
MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRICITY
MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRICITY
This
The
Electrical
PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY
Basic Principles of Electricity:
Electricity is the flow or movement of
electrons through a substance which
allows the transfer of electrical energy
from one position to another.
Substance through which the electricity
flows is called a conductor.
Flow or movement of electrons is known
as the electric current.
PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY
Conductors:
Substances which the electricity to flows
through
Are nearly always metals, copper being a
particularly good conductor, and are
usually in wire form but can be gases or
liquids, water being a particularly good
conductor of electricity.
Superconductors is a term given to certain
metals which have a very low resistance to
electricity at low temperatures.
PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY
Insulators:
Very poor conductors of electricity.
Include
Insulating
PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY
Short Circuit:
Electrical equipment components and an
electrical power supply (normally the
mains or a battery) are joined together by
a conductor to form a circuit.
A short circuit is made if the circuit is
broken in some way so that the current
flows directly to earth rather than to a
piece of equipment.
Resistance is greatly reduced but the
voltage remains the same.
PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY
Earthing:
Every circuit supplied by an electricity
supply company must have one of its
conductors connected to earth.
Earthing is the process when there is a
fault, such as a break in the circuit.
The current (earth fault current) will return
directly to earth, which forms the circuit of
least resistance, thus maintaining the
supply circuit.
Good and effective earthing is absolutely
essential.
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
Principal Hazards associated with electricity
are:
Electric Shock
Electric Burns
Electrical Fires and Explosions
Arcing
Secondary Hazards.
ELECTRICAL INJURIES
Four (4) Main Types of Injuries:
Electrocution (fatal)
Electric Shock
Burns
Falls
END OF
PRESENTATION
Thank You!