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By :
1.Aprilia Eka Putri
2.Fitri Dwi
3.Gita Saftiarini
4.Husnul Fadilah
5.Irvan Pramadika
Class : XII IPA 3
Purpose / function
Generic Structure
1. Title :
which will be
discussed in general.
3. Description :
Describing the thing which will be discussed in
detail;
Language
Features
( ex : animals, vertebrates)
The use of relating verbs
( ex : is, are, has )
The use of present tenses
Textbooks
encyclopedias
scientific magazines
historical
factual reading books
magazine
etc
Paragraph 1
Fish is a diverse group of
animals that live and breathe
in
water.
vertebrates
breathing.
All
with
Most
fish
are
gills
fish
for
have
for
moving
easily
Question paragraph 1
1.
2.
Paragraph 2
Fish live in nearly every underwater habitat,
from near-freezing Arctic waters to hot desert
springs; from mud ponds to the deepest ocean
abyss. Antarctic ice-fish survive in water below
0 C while desert pupfish of western North
America live in temperatures higher than 40 C.
Paragraph 3
With approximately 25,000 recognized species, fish
make up the most diverse vertebrate group, comprising
about half of all known vertebrate species. New fish
continue to be discovered and named at the rate of 200
to 300 species per year. With this vast number of
different fishes comes a diversity of sizes and shapes,
from huge whale sharks that reach 12 m in length to the
smallest infant-fish, measuring only about 7 mm long.
Paragrap
h4
Paragraph 5
Fish are an important source of protein for millions
of people worldwide. Since the early 1970s, 70 to 100
million metric tons of fish are caught each year for
food. People consume about 70 percent of fish caught,
and nearly 30 percent are used as animal feed that
helps produce other froms of protein. Fish protein
represents about 25 percent of the total protein
consumed by the worlds population, second only to
beef.
Question for
paragraph
5
11. A quarter of the total protein consumed
by the worlds population. True or False?
12. How many percent used as animal feed
that helps produce other of protein?
Verbs
What is a verb?
QuickTime and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Action Verbs
An action verb shows action. It shows what
someone (or something) is doing.
QuickTime and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
(Swimming is an action.)
Linking Verbs
A linking verb connects the subject to a word (or
words) that are describing the subject
QuickTime and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
be
being
was
are
been
is
where
Other Verbs:
appear grow
seem
stay
become look
smell
taste
feel
sound
turn
remain
Action or Linking?
To find out if a verb is an action or linking verb,
substitute a form of be for the verb. If the
sentence still makes sense, its usually a
linking verb. If the sentence doesnt make
sense, its usually an action verb.
*
Main Verbs
Some sentences have several verbs
working together to mean one thing. The
main verb is the verb thats most specific
about what the subject is or is doing.
The girl could have gone to the zoo.
Helping Verbs
When sentences have several verbs
working together, the helping verbs are the
verbs that are helping the main verb.
An Easy Tip to
Remember
When trying to decide if a word is a
helping verb or linking verb, ask yourself
these two questions:
Are there other verbs in the sentence?
Is this verb helping the other verbs make sense?
Time to Review
Take some time now to review your
notes. If you have any questions, please
be sure to ask.
Participle
Participial Phrases
Participial
A participle is a verb used as an
adjective.
There are two kinds of participles.
The past participle has the past form of the
verb which would go with the verb have and
would usually end in -ed.
The present participle ends in -ing.
Recognize the
participle
Verb
giggling
to
giggle
help
helping
to
help
help(s)
helped helped
Irregular Verbs
Verb
Simple Simple
Present Past
Past
Present Infiniti
Particip Particip ve
le
le
Swum
Swimmi To
ng
swim
Participles in sentences
The crying baby drew a long breath and
sucked in a spider crouching in the
corner of the crib.
What does the
present
participle
crying modify?
baby
Participial Phrases
A participial phrase is the participle
plus any complements and
modifiers of the participle and
complements.
A participial phrase may include other
types of phrases.
Examples of Participial
Phrases
More Examples
1.The woman wearing the red dress lives
in the neighborhood.
2. The moon robot, activated by a
remote switch,
switch started moving slowly.
3.I saw the monkey swinging from the
trees.
4. Tony followed the crowd, fearing
being left behind.
Thank You ;)
Wassalamualaikum Wr
Wb