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and Maintaining
your PC
Computer Systems Repair
Ms. Julia Nambili
Objectives
Learn about tools youll need as a PC
support technician
Learn how to develop a preventive
maintenance plan and what to include in it
Learn how to work inside a computer case
Learn what happens when you first turn on
a PC before the OS is loaded
Objectives (continued)
Learn how to approach and solve a PC
problem
Learn how to troubleshoot a failed boot
before the OS is loaded
Introduction
Basic repair skills
PC Support Technician
Tools
Recovery CDs
Used to boot a system
Also used to repair and reinstall Windows
Primary recovery CD sources
PC manufacturer (preferred)
Operating system distributor, such as Microsoft
Loop-Back Plugs
Used to test various ports
Some port types: serial, parallel, USB,
network
Figure 3-3 Loop-back plugs used to test serial and parallel ports
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Creating a Preventive
Maintenance Plan
Plan based on history or pattern of
malfunctions
Example: PCs in dusty areas need more
maintenance
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Rough handling
Exposure to water, heat, and cold
Misplacement or theft of computer
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Disposing of Used
Equipment
Various guidelines for disposing of equipment:
Table 3-2
Manufacturer documentation
Local environmental regulators
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Static Electricity
Build-up of charge due to absence of conductors
Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
Due to dissimilar electrical surfaces making contact
Only 10 volts of ESD can damage PC components
Walking across carpet generates up to 12,000 volts
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Essential tools:
Ground bracelet
Phillips-head screwdriver
Flat-head screwdriver, paper, and pen
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Booting a Computer
Process that drives a computer to a
working state
Hard (cold) boot: turn the power switch
on
Soft (warm) boot: allow the OS to reboot
How to soft boot Windows XP
Click Start
Click Turn Off Computer
Click Restart
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Figure 3-42 Numbered steps show how BIOS searches for and begins
to load an operating system (in this example, Windows NT/2000/XP is
the OS)
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How to Troubleshoot a PC
Problem
Assume the attitude of an investigator
Do not compound the problem by your
own actions
Look at the problem as a learning
opportunity
Ask questions until you understand the
problem
Believe that you can solve the problem
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Steps to Solving a PC
Problem
Key advice:
Ask good questions
Document the process
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Troubleshooting a Failed
Boot
It takes time to acquire troubleshooting
skills
Hands-on training: troubleshooting a
failed boot
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Figure 3-45 Use this flowchart when first facing a computer problem
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Troubleshooting Major
Subsystems Used For Booting
Categories of troubleshooting steps in
Figure 3-45
The electrical subsystem
Essential hardware devices
The motherboard, memory, and the CPU
Video
Reading from the hard drive
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Summary
Some PC repair tools: recovery CDs,
screwdrivers, POST, cleaning pads and solutions,
diagnostic cards
Preventive maintenance plans extend the life of a
PC
Follow an organizations preventive maintenance
plan, or develop one if it does not exist
Computers present chemical and electrical
hazards
Protect components in case from ESD by
grounding yourself and the PC
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Summary (continued)
Assembling and reassembling a PC prepares
the technician for actual repair work
Startup BIOS controls when the boot
process begins
Four step boot process: POST, loading the
OS, OS initializing itself, loading and
executing applications
Expert troubleshooters ask good questions
Before tackling a problem, develop a game
plan
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