Training & Development

Personally, I am always ready to learn,

although I do not always like being taught.
--Winston Churchill

What is Training
Training is accepted as a synonymous for all of
the forms of knowledge, skill and attitudinal
development which an adults need to keep pace
with accelerating life involvement and enlarging
concepts of mans capabilities.

Steinmetz, 1967

Why training is required ?

The bigger picture
Organizational performance

Employee performance

Employee Skills, Knowledge and Attitudes

Employee education, experience and training

Knowledge
Knowledge refers to the information gained by
the trainee from the trainer through the training
activity. Knowledge can be measured by asking
the trainee to define, identify, explain, or
enumerate such information.

Attitude
Attitude refers to the feeling of the trainee
developed during the training.
Attitude can be measured by asking the trainee
to express his/her judgment regarding a person,
object, or idea discussed in the activity.
Individuals have already developed their own
attitude which might be difficult to change
sometimes.

Skill
Skill refers to the ability gained by the trainee
from the trainer through the training activity.
Skill can be measured by asking the trainee to
demonstrate the correct way of doing something.

Learning
Learning is said to be a relatively permanent
change in the behavior as a result of training
and development experiences.
Learning Outcomes
Verbal information
Intellectual Skills
Motor Skills
Attitudes
Cognitive strategies

EDUCATION
Education is concerned is developing general
knowledge, understanding and background of our
total environment & may continue throughout
ones life . It can be define as creating
opportunities for individuals in societies to
develop life competences in order to cope with
changing world.

Differences between Learning,

Education andEducation
Training
Learning
Training
From born to the death

Not limited within a

subject
Problem related action
There is no
organizational or
institutional rules and
regulations
A field of truth and false,
light and dark
Insights grows
Primary field of gaining
experience

Starts from a particular

time after born and
continues up to the
death
Subject may sometimes
specific directly or
indirectly
Education is for the
human being as they
have highest memory
In some cases
organizational or
institutional rules and
regulations are followed
An effort to discover the
truth and holistic
development
Insights develop
Field to accumulate
experiences and

Time is Specific

Subject is specific
Specific action centered
for human being
In many cases
organizational or
institutional rules and
regulations are followed
Organization and job
based
Insights sharp
Starts from experience to
change positively skill

Development
Development refers to learning opportunities
designed to help employees grow. Development
is not primarily skill-oriented. Instead, it provides
general knowledge and attitudes which will be
helpful to employees in higher positions.

Training and Development

Training & Development is a one of the significant
technique to encourage employee to take interest
in his work by developing skill & knowledge which
will definitely reflects in organizational profits.
Training & Development need =
Standard performance Actual performance

Distinction Between Training &

Development
Training

Development

Purpose

Training is the act of increasing the

knowledge, skills, and attitudes of
an employee for doing a particular
job.

Development refers to learning

opportunities designed to improve
the overall personality of an
individual.

Contents

Technical
operations.

Conceptual
concepts.

Focus

The focus of training is on the

immediate period to help fix any
current deficits in employees skills.

The focus of development is on the

long term to help employees
prepare for future work demands or
career goals.

Participants

Training is meant for operatives

(non-managerial personnel).

Development
is
meant
for
executives (managerial personnel).

Time period

Training is a one-shot affair.

Development
process.

Initiative

The initiative for training comes

from management. To put it
differently, training is the result of
external motivation.

The initiative for Development

comes from the individual himself.
To put it differently, development is
the result of internal motivation.

Nature of
the process

Training is mostly a preparation to

meet an individuals present needs.
It can thus be seen as a reactive
process.

Development
is
mostly
a
preparation to meet an individuals
future needs. It is thus largely a
proactive process.

and

mechanical

and

is

philosophical

continuous

Characteristics of Training

Training involves a series of planned goal

directed activities.
Training aims at changing the knowledge, skills
and attitudes of the persons so that an
individual can carry out his present job
satisfactorily or to prepare him for greater
responsibility in future.
Training outcomes are measurable.
Training involves learning process for bringing
about the desired change in the employee
behavior.

Importance of Training

Higher Productivity

Better Quality of Work

Less Learning Period

Cost Reduction

Reduced Supervision

Low Accident Rate

High Morale

Personal Growth

Improved Organizational Climate

Types of Training

Orientation Training
Job Training
Safety Training
Promotional Training
Refresher Training
Remedial Training

Training Process
Identifying
IdentifyingTraining
TrainingNeeds
Needs

Setting
SettingTraining
TrainingObjectives
Objectives
Preparing
PreparingTraining
TrainingPlan
Plan
Program Facilities MethodsTrainers
Implementing
ImplementingTraining
TrainingPlan
Plan
Evaluation
Evaluationof
ofResults
Results

Nine Steps in the Training

Process

Assessing training needs

Preparing training plan
Specifying training objectives
Designing the training program(s)
Selecting the instructional methods
Completing the training plan
Implementing the training program
Evaluating the training
Planning future training