GROUP 7TH

YULIANTO KAMALUDIN ZAKY

DESTY ELIX TRISYERA
LEVINA FIRDA RASYID
MUHAMMAD BAHRUDDIN

MODAL
S
E
I
R
A
I
L
I
AUX

ST,
N, COULD, MAY, MIGHT, MU
CA
AS
CH
SU
S.
AL
OD
M
OR
ODAL AUXILIARIES
HELPING VERBS CALLED M
, WILL AND WOULD.
OUGHT TO, SHALL, SHOULD

USES OF CAN
The modal auxiliary can is used :

To expresss ability (in the tense of being able to do

something or knowing how to do something).

Example : He can speak spanish but he cant write it very well.

To express permission ( in the sense of being allowed or

permited to do something).

example : You can borrow my car if you want.

To express theoritical possibillity.

Example : American automobile makers can make better cars if

they think theres profit in it.

USES OF COULD
The modal auxiliary could is used:
To express an ability in the past
Example : I could always beat you at tennis when We were
kids.
To express polite request
Example : Could I burry my cat in your back yard?
To express present posibility
Example : We could always spend the afternoon just sitting
around and talking.
To express possibility or ability in contingent
circumstances.
Example : If He studied harder, He could pass his course.

USES OF MAY AND MIGHT

May and might used in the context of granting or
seeking permission, might is the past tense of
may. Might is considerably more tentative than
may.
Example : a. May I leave class early?
b. If Ive finished all my work and im really
quiet , might i leave early?
In the context of expressing possibility may and
might are interchangable present and future
forms and mgiht + have + past participle is
the past form
Example : a. She might be an advisor next semester
b. She may be my advisor next semester

USES OF WILL
The modal auxiliary will is used

To express willingness

Example : Ill wash the dishes if you dry or were going to the
movie. Will you join us?

To express intention

Example : Ill do my excercises later on.

To express prediction

Example : The meeting will be over soon, humidity will ruin

my hairdo or the river will overflow its banks every spring.

USES OF WOULD
The modal auxiliary would is used
To express willingness
Example : Would You take off your hat?
To express insistence ( rather rare, and with a strong
stress on the word would )
Example : Now Youve ruined everything. You would act that
way.
To express a hypotheical meaning
Example : My cocker spainel would weigh a ton if i let her eat
what she wants.
To express a sense of probability
Example : I hear a whistle. That would be the five oclock train.

USES OF MUST/ HAVE TO

To talk about necessity
Example:Imust/ have tobuy some foods for breakfast.
To express obligation
Example:Theymust/ have toobey the medical rules.
To express prohibition
Example:Youmustnot eat in the office.
To express conclusion
Example:Brian got a bad score. Hemustbe a lazy student.

THE USES OF SHOULD AND

SHALL
To express advice or suggestion
Example:Youshouldgo to the doctor.
To express obligation
Example:The staffshallgive the weather report every
day.

THE FORM OF
MODAL AUXILIARIES
AUXILIARY + THE SIMPLE FORM OF A VERB
Gordon can speak German.
She couldnt come to class.
AUXILIARY + TO + THE SIMPLE FORM OF A VERB
I have to study tonight.
Kate ought to study harder.

Can, could, may, might, should, had better,

must, will, and would are immediately followed
by the simple form of a verb.
They are not followed by to.
Incorrect : Brad can to speak English.
The main verb does not have a final s.
Incorrect : Brad can speaks English.
The main verb is not in a past form.
Incorrect : Brad can spoke English.
The main verb is not in its ing form.
Incorrect : Brad can speaking English.

To + the simple form is used with these auxiliaries :

Have to, have got to, and ought to.
We dont need to add do or dont when using modals in
interrogative and negative sentences, example:
Youmust nottalk in the exam.
Shouldwe submit the task now?