MICROPROPAGATION

PRESENTED BY
LOVEPREET KAUR
UID -14BBT1054

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Definition of
Micro-propagation
Clonal propagation IN VITRO

OR
Micro-propagation is the production
of whole plant from small section of
plant such as a stem tip, node,
meristem, embryo, or even a seed.

STEPS OF MICRO-PROPAGATION
Establishment

Proliferation

Rooting and hardening

Sometimes one step is also included in cases

where establishment of plantlets in soil is
particularly elaborate

STEP 1- ESTABLISHMENT-

In

this step, selection of

suitable plants, their
sterilization and transfer to
nutrient media for
establishment, i.e. initiation
of a sterile culture of the
explant.
STEP 2 PROLIFERATION-

Proliferation or multiplication
of shoot from the explant on
medium.
STEP 3 ROOTING & HARDNING-

Transfer of shoots to a rooting

medium followed later by
planting into soil

Selection of an elite mother

plant
Explant
Surface sterilization
and washing
Establishment on
growth medium
Transfer to
proliferation
medium
Shoot formation
Transfer of shoot or
plantlets to
sterilized soil or
artifcial medium by
various gradual

 METHODS OF MICRO-PROPAGATION
AXILLARY BUD PROLIFERATION APPROACH

Meristem and shoot tip culture

Bud culture
ORGANOGENESIS
INDIRECT
DIRECT
EMBRYOGENESIS

 AXILLARY BUD PROLIFERATION

APPROACH
Meristem and shoot tip culture Morel and Martin (1952) develop the technique of
meristem culture for in vivo virus of Dahlia.
G. Morel (1965) was developed the technique shoot tip
culture for micro propagation of orchid Cymbidium.
This method is more successful in herbaceous plant.

Bud culture Buds contain active meristem depending upon the

physiological state of the plant. The various types
used in bud culture,
a). Single node culture

b). Axillary bud method

MICROPROPAGATION

 ORGANOGENESIS

Indirect-

This pathway includes a callus stage.

Callus is undifferentiated tissue that develops on or
around an injured or cut plant surface.

Direct This pathway is bypasses a callus stage.

This method is particularly suitable to herbaceous
species .

 EMBRYOGENESIS
The process of initiation and development of embryos
and embryo like structure from somatic cells.
It usually involves a callus intermediate stage which
can result in variation among seedlings.
Its not a common micro-propagation technique but
currently being used to produce superior pine
seedlings.
a). Direct embryogenesis

b). Indirect
embryogenesis

HOW does micro-propagation work?

Plant cell have the ability to reproduce the whole plant
from a single cell. This is called totipotency.
Totipotency is the ability of single cell to express the full
genome in the cells to which it gives rise by cell division.

Why do we do it?
To regenerate plant from single cell or plant tissues.
To produce large quantities of identical plant.
To create new plant varieties.

MICRO. Vs MACRO.
PROPAGATION
Small propagule
Aseptic conditions
Controlled environment
Heterotrophic growth
Rapid multiplication
Greater initial costs

Larger propagule
Non-aseptic conditions
Less environmental control
Photoautotrophic growth
Slower multiplication
Nominal costs

thank you