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Globalization
Chapter Objectives
Identify the types of companies that participate in
international business
Describe the process of globalization and how it affects
markets and production
Describe the two forces causing globalization to increase
Summarize the evidence for each main argument in the
globalization debate
Describe the global business environment and identify its
four main elements
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Apple
User-Centered Design
Outsource Production
Markets Globally
Global Brand Strategy
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International Business
We experience international
transactions daily
Imports/exports reach us
even in remote areas
Technology and e-business
promote trade
Global talent contributes to
efficiency/competitiveness
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Key Players
Multination
al
Corporation
Small
Businesses
and
Small companies and
Entrepreneurs
individuals
becoming
increasingly active in
international trade
and investment
Born Global
Firm
Adopts a global
perspective and
engages in international
business from or near
its inception
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Globalization
Trend toward greater economic, cultural,
political and technological interdependence
among national institutions and economies
Globalization of
markets
Globalization of
production
Convergence in buyer
preferences in
markets around the
world
Dispersal of
production activities
worldwide to
minimize costs or
maximize quality
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Global Sustainability:
Emerging markets
2 billion people
Traditional markets
4 billion people
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Production inputs
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Discussion Question
What benefits might
companies obtain
from the globalization
of markets and the
globalization of
production?
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Answer to Discussion
Question
Global markets can reduce
marketing costs, create new
market opportunities abroad,
and level income streams.
Global production can allow
access to lower-cost
workers, technical expertise,
and production inputs.
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GATT
WTO
Regional trade
agreements
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$ Value
Years
GDP
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Global Exports
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Email and
videoconferencing
Better
coordination
and control
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Internet, intranets,
and extranets
Transportation
advancements
Improved
communications
and management
More efficient,
dependable
shipping
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Measuring Globalization
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Highly mobile
labor market
Fear of jobs
moving abroad
Free-flowing
capital and trade
Backlash among
the disaffected
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Rage
Reason
Violence
Legitimacy
Carnage
Civility
Exclusion
Debate
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Discussion Question
__________ is the value of all
goods and services produced
by a countrys domestic and
international activities over a
one-year period.
a. Gross Domestic Product
b. Gross National Product
c. GNP Per Capita
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Answer to Discussion
Question
__________ is the value of all
goods and services produced
by a countrys domestic and
international activities over a
one-year period.
a. Gross Domestic Product
b. Gross National Product
c. GNP Per Capita
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Opponents
Eliminates jobs in
developed nations
Lowers wages in
developed nations
Exploits workers in
developing nations
Advances economies
of developing nations
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Salaries of IT Workers
Source: Based on data obtained from the International Average Salary Income Database (www.worldsalaries.org).
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Weakens protection of
the environment
Supporters
+ Investment raises
labor standards
Exploits workers in
+ Companies concerned
poor nations
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Managers Briefcase:
Communicate effectively
Market effectively
Income
Inequality
Inequality within Nations
debate
Rich get richer in wealthy nations?
or
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Income
Inequality
Global Inequality
debate
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Discussion Question
What does the
evidence suggest
for each branch of
the debate on
globalization and
income inequality?
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Impact on Culture
Supporters
Opponents
Destroys cultural
diversity
Homogenizes our
world
Bankrupts local
small businesses
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Culture
Culture Matters:
Matters:
The
The Culture
Culture Debate
Debate
Material Desire
Artistic Influence
Western Values
A Force for Good
Deeper Values
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National Sovereignty
Opponents
Supporters
Supranational
institutions reduce
autonomy of national,
regional, and local
governments
Globalization has
benefited societies by
helping to spread
democracy worldwide
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Discussion Question
The textbook you are using in this
course describes a model of
international business as
occurring within a dynamic and
integrated system called the
__________.
a. Cultural Business Model
b. Globalization Environment
c. Global Business Environment
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Answer to Discussion
Question
The textbook you are using in this
course describes a model of
international business as
occurring within a dynamic and
integrated system called the
__________.
a. Cultural Business Model
b. Globalization Environment
c. Global Business Environment
Copyright 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
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