Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Attitudes LOs
Define Attitudes, beliefs and values
Explain the difference between
attitudes, beliefs and values
Describe the Components of an attitude
Explain how attitudes are formed
Explain how to change attitudes
through persuasive communication and
cognitive dissonance
Activity 1
1 group of 3, 1 group of 4 2
observers
4 Tasks to complete
Task
In pairs come up with
potential definitions for
belief, values and attitudes
Decide what is the
difference between the
different terms.
Definitions
Attitudes ideas charged with
emotion (positive or negative)
which predisposes a class of actions
to a particular social situation
Belief represent the knowledge
or information we have about the
world
Values are deep seated feelings
or thoughts (emotions) which form
the basis for evaluating if
something is worthwhile. (Culturally
based)
The link.
Attitudes are therefore
Blend of beliefs and values
Learned via
Social environment (experience)
Applied to sport
An athlete can show a positive
attitude to sport by believing in
the benefits of exercise
(Cognitive)
By showing enthusiasm and
enjoyment in games (affective)
By turning up to practice and
taking a regular part in sport
(behavioural)
But
Relationship between cognitive
and behavioural parts are
unreliable
i.e. what you believe is not
necessarily what you do
E.g. you might believe that
weight training will make you
stronger but you might not do it!!
Due to Affective component
(male might want to look
muscular but female may not!)
So quite a simplistic approach
Attitude Formation
Learning (past experiences,
successes and failures)
Familiarity
Classical conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Socialisation (Significant
others)
Peer groups and social groups
Positive or negative
attitudes
Positive attitudes formed:
Belief in exercise
Enjoyable experiences in
sport
Being good at a sport
Excited by challenge of sport
Using sport as stress release
Positive or negative
attitudes
Negative attitudes formed:
Not believing in benefits of
exercise
A bad past experience
Injury
A lack of ability
Fear of taking part
Suffering stress when taking part
Influence of others
Changing attitudes
Persuasive Communication
Four basic factors;
Cognitive Dissonance
Challenging one or more components
of an attitude causes unease in the
performer which may motivate them
to change attitude
Example
E.g. You might reject the need for
aggression in your sport (Belief 1)
But in order to win against a particular
team you must physically intimidate
your oponent (Belief 2).
Two beliefs conflict
This dissonance is resolved by telling
yourself that its alright to playhard
against this particular opponent because
they play rough too
Modification to (Belief 1)
What else..
Coaches may also use
Measurement..
Dogmatism task
Two scales
Thurstones scale
Likerts scale
Observation