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Measuring Sitework,
Excavation, and Piling
Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter,
you will be able to:
Determine the likely soil conditions at
a site by studying a soils report
Explain the use of swell factor and
compaction factor when calculating
volumes of excavation and backfill
Objectives (contd.)
Define bank measure and explain how
it applies to sitework takeoffs
Describe and use the grid method
of calculating cut and fill volumes
Describe and use the section
method of calculating cut and fill
volumes
Explain how piling work is measured
in a takeoff
Objectives (contd.)
Explain how trenches and basements
are measured in a takeoff
Complete a manual takeoff of
sitework
Complete a computer takeoff of
sitework using Excel spreadsheets
and MC2 ICE software
Generally
Measuring sitework and excavation
work
Different from measuring most other
work
Current site condition may not be provided
Dimensions and shape of excavations may
not be disclosed
Soils Report
Provides subsurface condition
information
Usually not a bid document
Includes data for foundation system
design
Extracted soil
Compaction factor
Difference between hole volume and
fill material volume
Bank measure
Obtained using hole dimensions
Excavation Safety
Considerations
Use of Digitizers
Electronic devices
Enables user to take measurements
from drawings
Input directly into computer program
Digitizer types
Sonic
Tablet
On-Screen Takeoff
Eliminates need for paper-based
printouts
Number of formats
Cost savings
Speed
Convenience
Measuring Notes
Excavation and Backfill
Include:
Trench Excavations
Formula for trench volume:
Trench Volume = Length of Trench
Centerline Average Width of Trench
Average Depth of Trench
Refer to Figure 4.4
Trench Backfill
Volume of backfill for a trench
Generally equal to volume of
excavation minus volume of what is
to be contained
Surplus occurs when volume of
excavation exceeds amount required
for backfill
Item for disposal of surplus material is
required
Greater Accuracy
Formula used to calculate volume
of excavation:
Usually sufficient
Some situations require more
accuracy
Example: pit and basement excavations
Measuring NotesPiling
Often subcontracted to specialized
companies
Typical general contractor items:
Layout of piles
Cutting off tops of piles
Removing excavated material
Bearing Piles
Generally:
Measure in linear feet or meters
Include a separate lump-sum item for
equipment
Piles that are measures separately
Measurement may be subdivided
Enumerate splicing and lengthening
of piles
Sheet Piling
Generally:
Described and measured in square
feet or square meters
Separately measure piles
Measurement may be subdivided
Measure withdrawing of piles
Cutting off of sheet piling: measured
in linear feet or meters
Additional Examples
Drawings
Refer to Figures 4.11 and 4.12
Sitework takeoff
Example 1The House Project
Takeoff Shown as Figure 4.6a
Summary
The estimator has to make an
assessment of sitework requirements
Based on plans and specifications
Site visit
Soils report