EFFECTIVE &

CRITICAL
READING
Titin Andri Wihastuti

Learning Cycle
Questions

Information
Searching

Summarizing

Reading
Knowledge
Retention

Learning Objective
Explain the technique for effective
reading
Able to read effectively by:
Providing summary
Raising questions

Good Reader vs. Poor

Reader
Read with purpose
Read and assimilate
thought
Read critically and ask
questions to evaluate
the author arguments
Read a variety of books
Enjoy reading

Read aimlessly
Get loss in the
muddle of word
Swallow everything
One tracker reading
Hate to read,
reading is boring

Reading Process
Grasping the
main idea
Gathering the
facts
Figuring out the
sequences of an
event
Drawing
Conclusion

Finding the main idea

Main idea:

Topic sentences
Summary sentences
Supporting sentences
Transitional sentences

Taking notes:
Highlighting, outlining, mapping and
drawing concepts tree

Gathering the fact

What is the message : who, what, where,
when, why, how:
Distinguish between important facts and
trivial

Skimming, scanning, reading,

remembering
Read superficial
Read specific detail

Ask first then look : reading with purpose

Reading critically
Is there a clear message communicated
thoroughly
Are the relationship between the points
directs and clear?
Are the details factual?
Are the examples and evidence relevant
Is there consistency of thought
What is the author bias or slant

 What is the author motive?

What does the author want you to believe
Is the author rational or subjective
Is there confusion between feeling and
facts?
Are the main point logically ordered?
Are the arguments and conclusion
consistent
Are the explanations clear?

Literature Reading
Five basic to watch for:

Definition and term

Examples
Classification and listing
Use of contrast
Cause-effect relationship

Retaining the
information

Factors influencing :

Intelligence, age and experience

Laying strong foundation
Motivation
Method : organizing, good study habits,
memorize, mnemonic
Using what you learn

How to remember
Understanding
Desire
Over learn
Systematize
Association

Procedure to improve
recall

Evaluate the material and define

your purpose
Choose appropriate reading
techniques
Identify the important facts
Take notes
Review
Implement

Why we forget

We fail to make the material meaningful

We did not learn pre requisite material
We fail to grasp what is to remember
We do not have desire to remember
We allow apathy or boredom to dictate how
we learn
We have not set habit for learning
We are disorganized and inefficient in our use
of study time
We do not use the knowledge we have gained

Have a nice
reading journey