Imrananwar_112ntu@yahoo.

co

NATIONAL TEXTILE
UNIVERSITY
FAISALABAD

PAKISTAN
Jute is a natural fibre obtained from
the bark of the jute plant, can be
spun into coarse, strong threads.

 It falls into the category of BAST

FIBERS.
 One of the cheapest natural fibres.
 Jute is mainly grown in south Asia and it
was originally called by its Bengali name
'PAT' which means a braid of hair.
 White Jute is known to have been
cultivated in India more than 400 YEARS
AGO to be spun into cloth by artisans and
also used in ropes and twines.
 By the mid 18th century new
technologies emerged and jute fibre was
spun into better quality yarn and woven
to make jute cloth.
 Jute is sown and harvested ANNUALY .
 The plant can grow to a height of more

than 3 metres and fibre length of upto 2.5

metres.
 It grows best in MONSOON CLIMATE , as

the cultivation requires plentiful rainfull.

 Too little rainfall can reduce the size of the

crop and also affect the quality of the fibre.

 Too much rain before the plants reach
maturity may also reduce the size of the
crop.
 Temperatures ranging 20˚ C to 40˚ C
and relative humidity of 70%–80% are
favourable for successful cultivation. Jute
requries 5–8 cm of rainfall weekly with
extra needed during the sowing period
The fibers are
 Off-white
 Brown
 Jute fiber is composed of small units of
cellulose surrounded and cemented
together by lignin and Hemicellulose.
 Three main categories of chemical
compounds:

Cellulose = 58%

Hemicellulose = 20%

Lignin = 12%
Large-scale spinning of Jute began long
time ago, when machinery used for Flax
spinning was adapted to produce Jute
yarns, using fibre sourced from the India
sub-continent. The principal use for these
yarns was for cheap packaging - the term
"Gunny bag" derives from a Hindi word -
but as Jute spinning industries developed
in countries across the world, the uses of
Jute and Jute products expanded rapidly.
The quality of the fibers and the yarn mostly
depend upon the degumming process.
Three METHODS of Degumming:

Mechanical
Chemical
Biological
Chemical method is mostly used for
degumming but this also has serious
disadvantage like

Environmental pollution
Lengthy time required
High cost.
There are two types of jute:

TOSSA JUTE
WHITE JUTE
Tossa Jute is known as the "Golden Fibre",
from the lustrous appearance of the
threads.

 Tossa can range in color from dark to

reddish, depending upon the area of
cultivation
 Bangladesh together with the Indian
state of West Bengal, produces most of
the world's Jute fibre.

 Other important jute export countries

include India, China, Burma (Myanmar),
Pakistan, Nepal and Thailand.
 BTA  BWA
 BTB  BWB

 BTC  BWC

 BTD  BWD

 BTE  BWE

 BTR  BWR
 INDIA with overall of ~66% of worlds
production tops the production of
jute.
 BANGLADESH with ~25% lies at
second position
 Followed way behind by CHINA with
~3%.
High tensile strength,
Excellent thermal
conductivity,
Coolness,
Ventilation function,
Coarseness
Stiffness,
Low extensibility,
Low grip performance.
Twine
Rope
Sackings
Carpets
Wrapping fabrics
Fabric manufacturing.
Curtains
Chair Coverings
Carpets
Area Rugs
Hessian Cloth
Backing for Linoleum
Espadrilles,
Floor Coverings
Home Textiles
High Performance Textiles
Geotextiles
Composites.
Fashionable Bags