Definitions of Safety

Safety : Clear from Harm.

Absence of danger of physical harm.

NEBOSH

State of acceptable risk. IEC.

Sufficient protection from danger.

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Definitions of Safety
Hazard :

Anything that can cause harm.

Anything with the potential to cause harm.
Source, situation, or act with a potential for harm in terms of
human injury or ill health, or a combination of these.
An inherent physical or chemical characteristic that has the
potential for causing harm to people, property or the
environment.
In chemical processes, It is the combination of a hazardous
material, an operating environment, and certain unplanned
events that could result in an accident.

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Definitions of Safety
Accident : Unexpected , uncontrolled event that

led to undesired loss.

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Definitions of Safety
Risk:

The combination of the severity and

probability of an event.
= Frequency of the event consequence
of hazard.
How often can it happen and how bad.

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Definitions of Safety
Harm:

The consequence of becoming exposed

to hazard.
Harm = Exposure X Hazard
Harm varies from paper cut or
emotional stress to catastrophe
resulting in many deaths.

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Definitions of Safety
Acceptable Risk that has been reduced to a level
risk:
that can be tolerated by the

organization having regard to its legal

obligations and its own OH&S
policy .

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Definitions of Safety
Human
Error:

Mistakes by people, such as designers,

engineers, operators, maintenance
personnel, or managers, which may
contribute to or result in hazardous
events and incidents.

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Definitions of Safety

More Human Error:

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Definitions of Safety

More and More Human Error:

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But Why ?
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Consequences of Accidents

1. Human Factor

What : Harm ,paper-cut, death.

Who is hurt :Self infliction, other workers, visitors,
customers, neighbors, local community, globally.
Who cares :Self preservation, Family member,
Friend, Employer (Trained worker)

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Consequences of Accidents

2. Environment

Where : Immediate vicinity , Local region,

National , Global.
When : Now and Future.

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Consequences of Accidents

3. Equipment

Loss of material.
Damaged equipment.
Structures and Building.

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Consequences of Accidents

4. Safe operation & Assets.

Professional trained workers.
Cost of emergency.
Process of production.
Quality of production.
Production continuity.

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Consequences of Accidents

5. Other losses
Reputation.
Law cases.
Moral of workers.
Insurance
Knowledge. Expertise.

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Major objectives for safety

1.Safety of People.
2.Environment.
3.Equipment.
4.Safe Operation.
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