AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM)

DOUBLE SIDEBAND (DSB)

GROUP
MATRIX
MEMBERS:
NUMBER
MUHAMMAD SYAZMEER BIN AZAHAR
B071410692
NABIL SYAHMI BIN MOHAMAD SHUKRI
B071410710
MUHAMMAD ARIFF SAFUAN BIN AMIR SHARIFUDDIN
B071410484
MOHD RAFIQ FARHAN BIN MOHD RAZAK
B071410533
SANTHIRAN A/L PARAMESWARAN
B071410614

AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM)

Doublesideband
Full Carrier
(DSB-FC)

Single-sideband
(SSB)
Doublesideband
suppressed
carrier
(DSB-SC)

Vestigial
Sideband
(VSB)

DOUBLE SIDEBAND FULL CARRIER

(DSB-FC)
Also called the ordinary Amplitude
Modulation (AM)

Definition:
Process of changing amplitude of carrier
signal (high frequency) follows instantaneous
amplitude value of information signal (low
frequency)
AM modulation is one type of
modulation
Easy, cheap, low-quality
Used for AM receiver and CBs (citizen
bands)
Generally high carrier frequency is used to

DOUBLE SIDEBAND FULL CARRIER

(DSB-FC)
Modulating
Signal

AMPLITUDE

Modulated
Signal

MODULATIO
N
Features:
Low Frequency
Changes
Amplitude

High Frequency
Carrier
Features:

High Frequency
Constant
Amplitude

Figure 1.1: Block Diagram of

Amplitude Modulation

Features:
Carrier Amplitude
follows
instantaneous
amplitude of
information signal
Frequency and phase
did not change
Produce 3
frequencies
spectrum
- Carrier
Frequency
- Upper Sideband

Mathematical Expression
(Em)
Modulatin
g signal

No
Modulation

Em = Em
f

sin[2fmt]

fc

Ec = Ec

(Ec)
Carrie
r

sin[2fct]

No
Modulation

AM DSBFC
envelope

[Eam
(t)]
Modulate
d wave
Carrier
only

Carrier
Plus
modulatio
n

The
Modulated
Wave
Expression

Mathematical Expression
of Modulated Wave

Carrier frequency
signal (volts)

Lower side frequency

signal (volts)

Upper side frequency

signal (volts)

AM FREQUENCY SPECTRUM
DSB-FC

Figure 1.2: Frequency spectrum of an AM

DSBFC wave

AMPLITUDE MODULATION INDEX

AM VOLTAGE SPECTRUM
DSB-FC

Figure 1.3: Voltage spectrum of an AM

DSBFC wave

AM POWER
DISTRIBUTION

Figure 1.4: Power spectrum of an

AM DSBFC wave

AM TRANSMITTERS

Low-Level AM
DSB-FC
Transmitter

High-Level AM
DSB-FC
Transmitter

LOW-LEVEL AM DSB-FC
TRANSMITTER
Functio
ns

Figure 1.5: Low-Level AM

DSBFC Transmitter

Functions
The preamplifier
(linear voltage amplifier with high input impedance)
To raise source signal amplitude to a usable level with minimum non
linear distortion and as little thermal noise as possible

Modulating signal driver (linear amplifier)

Amplifies the information signal to an adequate level to sufficiently
drive the modulator
RF carrier oscillator
To generate the carrier signal
The buffer amplifier
(low-gain, high-input impedance linear amplifier)
To isolate the oscillator from the high-power amplifiers
The coupling network
Matches output impedance of the final amplifier to the transmission
line/antenna
The intermediate and final power amplifiers
Required with low-level transmitters to maintain symmetry in the AM

HIGH-LEVEL AM DSBFC TRANSMITTER

Functio
ns

Figure 1.6: High-Level AM DSBFC

Transmitter

Functions
Modulating signal is processed similarly as in low-level
transmitter except for the addition of power amplifier
To provide higher power modulating signal necessary to
achieve 100% modulation (carrier power is maximum at the
high-level modulation point)
Same circuit as before for carrier oscillator, buffer and driver but
with addition ofpower amplifier

The modulator circuit has three primary functions:

Provide the circuitry necessary for modulation to occur
It is the final power amplifier
Frequency up-converter: translates low-frequency information
signals to radio-frequency signals that can be efficiently
radiated from an antenna and propagated through free space

CARRIER
(DSB-SC)
In DSBFC the Frequency carrier are
suppressed so there is no carrier.

Figure 1.7: A frequency-domain display of

a DSBSC signal

WHY???

CARRIER
(DSB-SC)
The real information is contained within the sidebands.

One way to overcome this problem is simply to suppressed

the carrier.
Since the carrier does not provide any useful information,
there is no
reason why it has to be transmitted.
By suppressing the carrier, the resulting signal is simply the
upper and
lower sidebands (referred to as a Double sideband suppressed
carrier,
DSBSC).
The benefit is no power is wasted on the carrier and that the

AND DSBSC
DSBFC

DSBSC

With Carrier

Without Carrier

Wasted power

Power saved (No wasted power)

APPLICATION
Analogue TV systems: to transmit color information.
For transmitting stereo information in FM sound broadcast at very high
frequency
One important application of DSB is the transmission of color information
in a TV signal.
CB radio (Citizen Band Radio)
TV broadcasting
Air traffic control radios
Garage door opens keyless remotes
DSB-SC is a technique used in electronic communication, most commonly
for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave.
DSB-SC used in stereo transmission of FM radio.
Two way radio communications.

CONCLUSION

Double-sideband suppressed-carrier transmission (DSB-SC) is transmission in which

frequencies produced by amplitude modulation (AM) are symmetrically spaced above
and below the carrier frequency and the carrier level is reduced to the lowest practical
level, ideally being completely suppressed. In the DSB-SC modulation, unlike in AM
DSB-FC, the wave carrier is not transmitted; thus, much of the power is distributed
between the sidebands, which implies an increase of the cover in DSB-SC, compared
to AM DSB-FC, for the same power used. DSB-SC transmission is a special case of
double-sideband reduced carrier transmission. It is used for radio data systems.

THE END