Class Cephalopoda

the squids, octopus, nautilus,

and cuttlefish
Richard E. Young, Michael Vecchione and Katharina M.
Mangold

Phylum Mollusca, Class

Cephalopods
Cephalopods (Class Cepahlopoda)
adalah filum moluska yang meliputi
cumi-cumi, nautilus, sotong dan
octopus
Kebanyakan cephalopoda adalah hewan
yang paling berkembang dari moluska,
dan merupakan perenang yang cepat
Cephalopods have a reduction in or
loss altogether of the shell

Phylum Mollusca, Class

Cephalopods
Cephalopods (which means head-footed)
have heads surrounded by a foot modified
into arms and tentacles, usually equipped
with suckers that are used to capture prey

Phylum Mollusca, Class

Cephalopoda
Moluska terbesar
Memiliki radula
Cephalopods memiliki mata yang
besar dan penglihatan yang tajam

Phylum Mollusca, Class

Cephalopods
Cephalopods pump water through the
siphon,
or
funnel into their mantle cavity
By forcing water out of the mantle
cavity through the siphon, cephalopods
swim by means of jet propulsion
By changing the direction of the
siphon, cephalopods can move
backward or forward, or can remain
motionless in one place

Jet Propulsion
Water enters
mantle
cavity
Water exits
from funnel
or siphon

Direction of water out

of siphon

Direction of cephalopod
motion

Octopus: Order Octopoda

One of the most iconic cephalopods is
the octopus
Oktopus memiliki 8 lengan
Bergerak dengan berenang dan merayap
Tidak memiliki cangkang dalam
Tubuhnya membulat dan pendek
Common bottom dwellers, they are
efficient hunters
Bite their prey (mostly shellfish)
with a pair of beak-like jaws
Ink sac emits a dark cloud of fluid
to deter predators

Squids: Order Teuthoidea

Squids are better adapted
for swimming than
octopuses
Memiliki dua sirip segitiga
yang termodifikasi untuk
berenang
Tubuhnya panjang dan
meruncing
Memiliki 8 lengan dan 2
tenrakel panjang ave all
with suckers
which circle the
mouth

Long &
retractable

http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/images/Ima

 Bergerak dengan berenang

Squids: Order Teuthoidea

Suckers only at broadened tips on

tenacle
The shell is reduced to a stif pen
embedded in the upper surface of

Cuttlefish: Order Sepiida

Sotong adalah invertebrata terpintar
Sotong memiliki cangkang yang
disebut dengan cuttlebone yang
membantu dalam mengapung
Beruang, dan terisi oleh udara

Called chameleons of
the sea for their
astonishing ability to
change skin
color at will

Chromatophores
Cepalopoda mengontrol corak dan
warna kulit dengan chromatophores
Chromatophores adalah sel-sel yang
mengandung pigmen dan cahaya
reflektif untuk berkamuflase
Inside the chromatophore, pigment
granules are enclosed in an elastic sac
To change color, the sac is distorted by way
of muscular contraction

Nautilus: Order Nautilida

Nautilus are called living fossils;
only 6 species remain of an extinct
superfamily
Survived relatively unchanged for
millions of years
Gas-filled chambers
aid
in
buoyancy
Paper
nautiluses are
actually pelagic
octopus; named
for the paperthin eggcase in

You will never be as cool as a

cephalopod
Mimic octopus
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8oQBYw6xxc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygh1-ul6E94

Vampire squid from hell

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S3CJIKKSUpg

www.islandream.com/sangalakigallery7.htm http://www.itsnature.org/sea/other/colossal-squid/
www.flickr.com/photos/maxcdc/361562974

or as smart???
Octopuses and cuttlefishes have a
remarkable capacity for learning
Giant nerve fibers rapidly conduct impulses
allowing cephalopods to capture prey or
escape at amazing speeds
Most cephalopods display color changes
correlated with particular behaviors and
moods
Octopus are known to use tools, and predict
World Cup champions!