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Drilling Engineering
Introduction
A drilling bit is the cutting tool which is made up on the end of the drillstring. The bit
drills through the rock by scraping, chipping, gouging or grinding the rock at the
bottom of the hole. Drilling fluid is circulated through passageways in the bit to
remove the drilled cuttings.
There are however many variations in the design of drill bits and the bit selected
for a particular application will depend on the type of formation to be drilled. The
drilling engineer must be aware of these design variations in order to be able to
select the most appropriate bit for the formation to be drilled. The engineer must
also be aware of the impact of the operating parameters on the performance of the
bit.
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
The introduction of roller cone bits, which could drill soft formations more
efficiently
If too much WOB was applied, excessive torque led to bit failure or drill pipe
failure
Drag bits tend to drill crooked hole, therefore some means of controlling
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Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
protection
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Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
The digits 1 - 3 are for steel tooth bits in the soft, medium and hard formation
categories
The numbers 4 - 8 are for insert bits in the soft, medium, medium hard, hard
Drilling Engineering
E. Extended Jet
R. Reinforced Welds
Y. Conical Insert
C. Center Jet
D. Deviation Control
J. Jet Deflection
X. Chisel Insert
Drilling Engineering
51 indicates that the Smith F2 has tungsten carbide inserts, designed for use
7 indicates that the cones on this bit have sealed friction bearings, and that
X indicates that the inserts have a chisel tooth configuration (as opposed, for
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering
Drilling Engineering