SPSS



Chapter 4
Chapter 6 SPSS
Chapter 7

SPSS for Windows

SPSS (Chapter 2~4)

(Chapter 7)
(Chapter 6 8)

1.
Computerized Raw Data


(raw data):

(raw data on paper)

(computerized raw data)

(coding):

(framework)

(procedure)

IQ

Likert type

(dummy variable)

1 2
3

 Codebook)

( )
( )

SPSS
8

1 ID

2 COMPANY

3 DEPT

4 YR

5 GENDER

6 YOB

00-99

99

7 SALARY

00.0-99.9

999

8 EDU

9-58 1 I1

50 I50

: 1 50

000-999

0.0-99.9
1
2

1
2
3
4

99

1
2
3
4

10


ASCII files)

SPSS

11

ASCII

12

SPSS

13

14


1 . SPSS ( )
2 . (
)

15

 -
1. ( )

2.

3.
4.
5.
16


Q1:

Q2:

Q3:

Q4:

Q5:

Q1 ( )

Q11

Q12

Q13

Q14

Q15

Q2 ( )

Q21

Q22

Q23

Q24

Q25

Q3 ( )

Q31

Q32

Q33

Q34

Q35

Q4 ( )

Q41

Q42

Q43

Q44

Q45

Q5 ( )

Q51

Q52

Q53

17
Q54

Q55

18

1 0

19

20

 -
1. ( )
2.

3.
4.

21


Q1:
1 2 3 (1 )
ICQ

CICQ

Email

MSN

BBS

WWW

Netmeeting

ID

Gende
r

Q1A
ICQ

Q1B Q1C
CICQ Email

Q1D
MSN

Q1E
BBS

2( )

1( )

4
5

Q1F
Q1G
WWW

Q1H

2 22

Netmeeting

23

 :
Group
$ Order
1

Group $ORDER1

(Value tabulated = 1)

Dichotomy label

Name

icq
e-mail
msn
bbs

www

Q1A
Q1C
Q1D
Q1E
Q1F
Q1G

0 missing cases; 60 valid cases

Pct of Pct of
Count Responses Cases

1
22
5
5
1
26
------Total responses
60

1.7
36.7
8.3
8.3
1.7
43.3
----100.0

1.7
36.7
8.3
8.3
1.7
43.3
----100.0

24

 :
* * *

C R O S S T A B U L A T I O N

$ORDER1 (tabulating 1)
by GENDER

* * *

GENDER

$ORDER1
icq

e-mail

msn

bbs

www

Count
I

Row pct I
Row
Col pct I
Total
Tab pct I
1
I
2
I
--------+--------+--------+
Q1A
I
1
I
0
I
1
I 100.0
I
.0
I
1.7
I
6.3
I
.0
I
I
1.7
I
.0
I
+--------+--------+
Q1C
I
4
I
18
I
22
I
18.2
I
81.8
I
36.7
I
25.0
I
40.9
I
I
6.7
I
30.0
I
+--------+--------+
Q1D
I
0
I
5
I
5
I
.0
I 100.0
I
8.3
I
.0
I
11.4
I
I
.0
I
8.3
I
+--------+--------+
Q1E
I
1
I
4
I
5
I
20.0
I
80.0
I
8.3
I
6.3
I
9.1
I
I
1.7
I
6.7
I
+--------+--------+
Q1F
I
1
I
0
I
1
I 100.0
I
.0
I
1.7
I
6.3
I
.0
I
I
1.7
I
.0
I
+--------+--------+
Q1G
I
9
I
17
I
26
I
34.6
I
65.4
I 43.3
I
56.3
I
38.6
I
I
15.0
I
28.3
I
+--------+--------+
Column
16
44
60
Total
26.7
73.3
100.0

Percents and totals based on respondents

60 valid cases;

0 missing cases

25


1.
2.

26

2. SPSS
Usage of the SPSS software

27

SPSS

data definition

28

SPSS/PC

VARIABLES LABELS VARIABLES LABELS SEX

AGE .
VALUE LABELS

SEX AGE

VALUE LABELS SEX 1 SEX X3

2 / X3 1 2 . SEX
1 2

ADD VALUE LABELS ADD VALUE LABELS X3 3

.

29

X3 3

SPSS

data transformation

SPSS

clean and clear
30

31

COMPUTE COUNT
RECODE RANK
SORT SAMPLE N


COMPUTE

COMPUTE =

32


SPSS/PC

COMPUTE

COMPUTE =
COMPUTE X9=X1+X2+X3+X4/2+X6*2.

COMPUTE X9=X7**2.
:

+-*/:
COMPUTE X9=ABSX1-X2.
**:
COMPUTE X9=RNDX1+X2+X3/3.
:
COMPUTE X9=TRUNCX1+X2+X3/3.
ABS:
COMPUTE X9=SORT4X8*10.
RND:
COMPUTE X9=LG10X8.
TRUNC:
COMPUTE X9=LNX8.
SORT:
COMPUTE X9=EXPX8.
LG10: 10
COMPUTE X9=NORMAL1.5.
LN:
COMPUTE X9=UNIFORM10.
EXP:
NORMAL:
Uniform: Uniform

33

Recode

RECODE

:
RECODE

:
RECODE

X2 (1=5)(2=4)(4=2)(5=1).
RECODE X2 X8 X12 X25 (1=5)(2=4)(4=2)(5=1).(
)
RECODE EDU (1=1)(2=2)(3=3)(4=3)(5=4)(6=4).(
)
VALUE LABELS EDU 1 2 3
4 .
34

COUNT( )

COUNT

(1) (2)
(3) (4)
COUNT

COUNT

= ( )

COUNT Y=I1 TO I10 (4)

Y)
COUNT Z=I1 TO I10 (lowest thru 2)
Z)
COUNT MISS=I1 TO I10 (MISSING)
MISS )
35

IF PROCESS IF SELECT IF

IF

:
IF

( ) =
:
IF ((A+B) LT 100) P=1. ( A+B 10 P 1)
IF (SYSMIS(GENDER)) S=0. ( GENDER S
0)
IF (CITY=TPE AND GROUP=1) K=1. (CITY )
36

EQ

NE

~= <>

GT
GE
LT
LE
AND
OR
NOT

=
&
1
~

37

IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF

(GENDER=1) A=B+C.
(GENDER EQ 1) A=B+C.
(GENDER<>1) A=B+C.
(GENDER NE 1) A=B+C.
(AGE > 20) K=1.
(AGE >= 20) K=1.
(AGE < 20) K=2.
(AGE <= 20) K=2.
(AGE<20 & GENDER=1) P=1.
(AGE>20 OR AGE <10) M=1.
(AGE ~ 10) N=2.

PROCESS IF SELECT
IF

PROCESS IF SELECT IF
IF IF

PROCESS IF
SELECT IF
PROCESS IF SELECT IF

PROCESS IF

:
PROCESS IF ( ).
38

SPSS/PC

IF
IF () =
PROCESS IF PROCESS IF ()

SELECT IF SELECT IF ()

39

IF (AGE > 20) AGEGRP=2.

PROCESS IF (GENDER =1).
LIST AGE.
(GENDER=1 )
SELECT IF (GENDER =1).
LIST AGE.
( GENDER=1 )

RANK

RANK

RANK /RANK INTO

)
/NTILES( ) INTO
/NORMAL INTO
/RFRACTION INTO
/SAVAGE INTO
40

(
( )
( )
( )
( )

SAMPLE N

SAMPLE
N

SAMPLE

.
SAMPLE FROM
N n
:
SAMPLE .25.
( 25 )
SAMPLE 500 FROM 5000
( 5000
500 )
N 100
( 100 )
41

RECODE (
=)
COUNT =

()
RANK /
INTO
SAMPLE %
N n
SORT (A D)

RECODE AGE (99=SYSMIS)

RECODE EDU (1=1)(2=1)(3=2)(4=2)(ELSE=3).
COUNT X=I1 to I20(1).

RANK WE HI(D) ( RWE RHI

)
SAMPLE .25.
N 100.
SORT X1(A). ()
SORT AGE(D). ()
LIST /VAR x1 to x10 /CASES FROM 1 to 10.

LIST /VAR
/cases from m to n by p
REPORT /VAR (s). REPORT /VAR X1 TO X10 .
42


1 . ( )

43

SPSS

data analysis

44

3.
Description and Graphing
of the Data

45

 :
:

.sps
(
)

(.sav)

.sav

.spo
46

1.

2.

47

1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00

7
34
31
2
73
1
6
154
2
156

4.5
21.8
19.9
1.3
46.8
.6
3.8
98.7
1.3
100.0

4.5
22.1
20.1
1.3
47.4
.6
3.9
100.0

4.5
26.6
46.8
48.1
95.5
96.1
100.0

48

10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
55000
60000
65000
70000
75000
80000
85000
90000
95000
100000
105000
110000
115000
120000
125000
130000
135000

14999
19999
24999
29999
34999
39999
44999
49999
54999
59999
64999
69999
74999
79999
84999
89999
94999
99999
104999
109999
114999
119999
124999
129999
134999
139999

12500
17500
22500
27500
32500
37500
42500
47500
52500
57500
62500
67500
72500
77500
82500
87500
92500
97500
102500
107500
112500
117500
122500
127500
132500
137500

0
17
71
120
102
47
27
14
10
15
12
9
9
4
6
2
3
1
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
49 1

%
.00%
3.59%
18.57%
43.88%
65.40%
75.32%
81.01%
83.97%
86.08%
89.24%
91.77%
93.67%
95.57%
96.41%
97.68%
98.10%
98.73%
98.95%
99.16%
99.58%
99.79%
99.79%
99.79%
99.79%
99.79%
100.00%

300
274
233

200

144
100
75
0

50

140
120
100
80
60
40
= 17075.66

20

= 34419.6
N = 474.00

Current Salary

51

 Stem-and-Leaf
Plot

John Tukey 1977

52

 Stem-and-Leaf Plot

Frequency
Stem
2.00
2
2.00
2
8.00
2
11.00
2
16.00
2
8.00
3
5.00
3
8.00
3
8.00
3
10.00
3
5.00
4
1.00
4
1.00
4
1.00
4
6.00
4
2.00
5
2.00 Extremes

&
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Leaf
11
23
44445555
66666666777
8888899999999999
00011111
22333
44445555
66667777
8888899999
11111
2
5
7
888889
00
>=56

Stem width:
10
Each leaf:

1 cases

53

(mode):
median :
(mean) :

54

55

(Range):

:
25%

(variable):

(standard deviation) :

56

57

( )

( )

58


:
:

59

g1 > 0

g2 > 0

g1 < 0

g2 < 0

g1 = 0

g2 = 0

60

 : (Z score)

Z :

XZ=
s
61


(normality)
1.
2.
3.
4.

(symmetry)
(unimodal)

62


1 . (
)

63

 ( )
1 . (p.3-9) 5
2 . (p.4-38) 1
3 . (p.6-18) 2
4. (p.7-66) 5 6 8 9 10

5. (p.8-8) 4

64