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Titrations involving
iodine (I2)
Iodometry
Indirect titration with
2 reactions:
1. Analyte + I- I2
2. I2 + titrant (Na2S2O3)

Oxidizing
product analyte
Standard solution:
Sodium
thisoufate

Iodimetry

A direct titration with

only 1 reaction:
Analyte + titrant (I2)
product

Reducing analyte
Standard solution:
Iodine (I2)
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IMATION OF COPPER BY IODOMETRY

Principle:
In neutral or faintly acidic solutions, cupric salts
react with iodide ion to liberate iodine.

The liberated I2 is titrated against the sodium

thiosulphate (Na2S2O3.5H2O) solution using starch
as indicator.

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xperimental Procedure
Standard Solutions
Secondary

Primary

Sodium thiosulphate (hypo) is efflorescent

nature therefore is a secondary standard.
Double titration method.
Standardization of thiosulphate solution with
a standard CuSO4 solution
Standardized thiosulphate is used to titrate
the CuSO4 solution of unknown strength.
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xperimental Procedure
Preparation of standard (N/40) CuSO4.5H2O
solution

0.5 to 0.7
g of
copper
sulfate

Transfer
CuSO4 into a
standard
flask using
a funnel.

Dissolve
CuSO4
Add Na2CO3
Add glacial
5

Make up
the volume
up to the
mark
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tandardization of sodium thiosulfate

KI

KSCN
Starch

hypo

hypo

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Sources of error
Aerial oxidation of acidic iodide solution
Use Na2CO3to remove oxygen in the reaction
vessel by carbon dioxide.
2. Volatility of I2 formed
Use excess iodide solution which captures
liberated iodine to form tri-iodide ions.

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Strength of copper sulphate solution

Equivalent weight of CuSO4. 5H2O is 249.7 gm.
2CuSO4 I2 2Na2S2O3 2e
W
(N)
24.97

ndardization of hypo solution:

W 25=
1
NN21V=
V2

24.97 V2

Strength of unknown copper sulphate solution

W 25 V ' 2
N1 =
24.97 V2 V '1

Report the strength of the given CuSO4 solution in

g/l.
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Kinetics

In a sports relay race, a chemical kinetics

specialist runs slowly, and his group loses
the race.
When the chemical kinetics specialist is asked
why he ran slowly, his reply was I always wanted
to be the significant rate determining9 step.
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TICS OF THE IODINATION OF ACETONE

Objective:
To study the kinetics of the iodination of acetone
in acidic medium using photometry, estimate the
differential rate law and calculate the rate
constant.

Determine the orders of the reaction x, y z

Calculate the rate constant, k
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Determination of the order

x: reaction rate is studied using a large excess of
acetone, and a high concentration of H+.
-d[I2]
dt

x
= k' [I2]

where k' = k [CH3COCH3]y [H+]z is a "pseudo

rate constant
If x = 0, then [I2] = [I2]0 k't
x = 1, [I2] =
[I2]0 e-k't
y: Initial concentration of I2 and H+ fixed and
varying the initial concentration of acetone
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z: the initial concentration
of I and CH COCH

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Photometry
According to the Beer Lambert law

Absorbance A = cb
is the molar absorption
coefficient
b is the length of sample

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Calibration Curve

Absorbance

connection between the total concentration of

iodine in solution and the absorbance A is
obtained

Concentration
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Rate Measurements
Experime

Aceton

nt
1
2
3
4

e
2.0 ml
4.0 ml
2.0 ml
2.0 ml

HCl
2.0
2.0
4.0
2.0

ml
ml
ml
ml

H2O
4.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

I2

ml
ml
ml
ml

2.0
2.0
2.0
4.0

ml
ml
ml
ml

Order wrt I2
Order wrt CH3COCH3: Exp 1 and 2
Order wrt H+ : Exp 1 and 3
For each experiment, calculate the rate
constant
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Rate Measurements

Absorbance

Rate constant = slope = y/x

Time (s)
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Theoretical and Percent Yield

1. Balance the chemical equation
2. Find the limiting reagent

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Limiting reagent
Find the limiting reagent when 1.22g O2 reacts
with 1.05g H2 to produce H2O.

Convert mass to moles:

0.5 mol H2

Calculate H2 moles necessary to react with

O2:
0.076
mol H2.

Compare 0.076 mol H2 to actual mol of H2

(0.5mol H2),

0.038 mol O2,

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Since 0.5 mol H2 is more
than
0.076
mol H2,
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Percent Yield
3. Find the theoretical yield:
The maximum amount of product that could be
formed from given amounts of reactants.
4. Find the actual yield
The amount of product actually formed or
recovered when the reaction is carried out in
the laboratory.
5. Find the percentage yield
The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield.
percent yield =
actual yield (g)
x 100
theoretical yield (g)
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Percent Yield
Weight of the crude product: 4 g
Weight of recrystallized product from 1 g of
crude product: 0.82 g
Percent yield of pure product:
0.82 x 4
x 100
theoretical
yield

Exercise

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Thank You

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