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Outline
Basic concept
Definition
Types
Control
Basic Concept
Work
process
Material
Individual
Hazard
Work environment
Risk
Incident/Accident
Outcome
Consequences
Definition
Hazard: source of potential harm or a situation
with a potential for harm
Risk: Combination of the probability and the
consequence of a specified hazardous event
Definition Hazards
Hazards
anything (including work practices or procedures) that
has potential to harm the health or safety of a person
(Workcover, Australia)
Definition
hazard represents a source of energy with the
potential of causing immediate injury to personnel
and damage to equipment, environment or
structure
(Zimolong and Trimpop, ILO encyclopedia )
Definisi
Hazard Types
Physical
Chemicals
Biological
Mechanical/electrical
Psychological
Ergonomics
Chemical Hazard
Safety
hazard
:
flammable,
explosive,
corrosive, reactive.
Health hazard : acute & chronic toxicity,
irritant, local effects, mutagen, teratogen,
carcinogen.
Risiko (risk)
adalah likelihood (kemungkinan) bahwa bahaya dan cedera
karena suatu hazard akan terjadi pada individu tertentu
atau kelompok individu yang terpajan bahaya. Ukuran dari
risiko tergantung pada seberapa mungkin (how likely)
hazard tersebut membahayakan dan besarannya
(magnitude)
chance, opportunity
wej-ji in Chinese
Risiko in German
risico in Dutch & Italian
risque in French
Greek word rhiza, root and/or cliff
Arabic word rizq meaning what God and fate
provide for your life.)
Risk concept
Risk formulation
Risk = Consequence x Probability
R = fC X P
Risk = C (harm/injury) x probability of injury
C (Harm/injury) = Hazard x Exposure
Exposure = Concentration x Duration
Risk = (Hazard x Concentration x Duration) x Probability of Injury
Hazard(s)
Incident/Accident
Outcome(s)
Effects on the
Individual
Death
Disease
Injury
Disability
Effects on the
Workplace
Building damage
Equipment
damage
Loss
Effects on the
Environment
Property damage
Loss of resources
Degradation
Pollution
Risk
Physical
Noise
Carcinogen
Cancer
Chemical
Biological
Ergonomics
Psychosocial
Consequences
Microorganism
Infections
Manual handling
Back pain
Stress
ALARP Principle
(As Low As Reasonably Practicable
Hazard Identification
Hazard identification: process of recognizing
that a hazard exists and defining its
characteristics