MARTIAL LAW

AND EDSA REVOLUTION

MARTIAL LAW

MARTIAL LAW
On September 21, 1972 President
Marcos issued Presidential
Proclamation No. 1081, proclaiming a
State of martial law in the
Philippines. He used the alleged
ambush of then Defense Minister,
Juan Ponce Enrile, as a pretext to
declare the said decree.

 General Order 2-A

Secretary of National Defense
crimes and offenses in
furtherance or on the occasion of
our incident to or in connection
with the crimes of insurrection
and rebellion
committed and will commit
crimes against society and the
government

September 26, 1972

Proclamation of Presedential
Decree No.2.
The entire Philippines as a land
reform area.
given 3 hectares of irrigated rice or
corn lands and 5 hectares, if
unirrigated.

Sept. 27, 1972

Proclamation of Presedential Decree
No. 6
discipline in the government service.
grounds for disciplinary action against
dishonesty, oppression, misconduct,
negligence in the performance of duties,
disgraceful and immoral conduct,
discourtesy and other misdemeanours.

Martial Law
Curfew from midnight to four in the
morning then eventually changed it
to one to four in the morning. This is
to minimize, if not completely
eradicate, robbery and other
unlawful activities at night.

Martial Law
infrastructures in the Philippines
were given much attention.
extending amnesty to those who fail
to pay the correct amount of tax.
Substantial part of the collection were
spent in the construction of first-class
roads and infrastructures.

May 23, 1975

delivered a foreign policy
speech enumerating six
guidelines to help the
country survive the current
security crisis in Asia arising
from the American debacle in
Vietnam.

The guidelines are:

1. To intensify, along with a broader field,
Philippine relations with the members of
ASEAN;
2. To pursue more vigorously the
establishment of diplomatic relations
with the socialist states, particularly with
the Peoples Republic of China and with
the Soviet Union;
3. To seek closer identification with the
Third World;

The guidelines are:

4. To continue relationship with Japan
5. To support the Arab countries in their
struggle for a just and ensuring peace
in the Middle East; and
6. To find a new basis, compatible with
the emerging realities in Asia, for a
continuing healthy relationship with
the United States

 In the years that followed,

Martial Law started the
suppressive and abusive years
incidents of assassination were
rampant, particularly those who
opposed the government,
individuals and companies alike
were subdued

EDSA REVOLUTION

EDSA REVOLUTION
Since August 21.1983,
when Benigno Aquino Jr.
was assassinated, a
political crisis had gripped
the nation.

EDSA REVOLUTION
Marcos called for snap presidential elections
in February 1986. He and his running mate,
Arturo Tolentino, were proclaimed elected by
the Batasang Pambansa, using as basis
official results issued by Commission on
Elections. But the opposition the opposition
candidates, Cory Aquino and Salvador
Laurel, contested the results of the election,
claiming that massive fraud and terrorism
were committed by the Marcos machinery.

EDSA REVOLUTION
Cory announced a program of
economic boycotts and non-violent
actions to dramatize her posture as
the winner betrayed.
Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile
and Vice Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Fidel
V. Ramos resigned before the
inauguration of Marcos on February
25.

February 22-25, 1986

people power
supported the Enrile-Ramos rebellion
which increasingly declared support
for Cory.
An estimated one to two million
people converged on Camp Crame
and Camp Aguinlaldo.

February 25,1986
Aquino and Laurel were sworn in as
President and Vice President
by SC Justice Caudio Teehankee.

In the new govt

Enrile was named Defense Minister
Ramos as the Armed Forces Chief of Staff.

On the same day

Marcos took his oath of office in ceremonies
at Malacanang Palace, but Tolentino failed to
attend the inaugural.

EDSA REVOLUTION
Under pressure from US Ambassador
Stephen Bosworth and the US govt
to step down in order to avoid
violence, Marcos and his family left
the Palace. They were taken to Clark
Air Base en route to Hawaii.

AFTER EDSA
Pres. Aquino proceeded to establish a
revolutionary govt under the terms of
a Freedom Constitution.
The new leadership reorganized the
govt it abolished the Batasang
Pambansa controlled largely by Marcos
loyalists, it appointed new SC justices,
and it replaced marcos appointees
with new officers-in-charge.

AFTER EDSA
Through the Presidential Commission on Good
Government under fromer Senator Jovito
Salonga, all monies, assets, properties and
valuables believed or considered ill-gotten by
the Marcos family and cronies were taken.
Fully one third of the nations total resources
In July 1987 Marcos loyalists culminated in an
attempt to establish a rival govt at the Manila
Hotel, with Arturo Tolentino as the temporary
president. This coup failed unsettle the govt

AFTER EDSA
More serious threat to the new govt came
from an attempted coup in August 1987
led by
Col. Gregorio Honasan.
Rumors of coups or a take- over of the
govt by opposition elements persist plus
the problems of moral and economic
recover, the NPA and MNLF insurgencies,
incompetence and inefficiency, graft amd
corruption and the bases issue continue to
confront the Aquino govt.

REFERENCES

REFERENCES

https://bloomspresidents.wordpress.com/diosdado-p-macapaga
l-1961-1965/
http://www.macapagal.com/dm2/biography/bio2.html
http://biography.yourdictionary.com/diosdado-p-macapagal#
oEqY5l2iM2uPQ1aA.99
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagal
http://www.nndb.com/people/139/000098842/
http://www.chrispforr.net/row3/americans/pdf/chapter21.pdf

http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeracorresponde
nt/2011/09/201192082718752761.html

https://bloomspresidents.wordpress.com/ferdinand-edralin-ma
rcos-1965-1986/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos#Personal_life