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Xingbo Liu
Tensile Test
Engineering Stress:
E = F/A0
Engineering Strain:
E = (L-L0)/L = L / L
Hooks Law:
= E E
=G
Tensile Test
(a)
Linear
Nonlinear
(b)
(c)
Yield Point:
Yield Strength:
Tensile Strength:
Material Toughness:
Reduction of Area:
Resilience:
True Stress:
T = F/A
= F(E+1)/A0
True Strain:
T = ln (L/L0) = ln (E +1)
At Maximum Load:
E Fmax / A0
A0
T ln( )
A
T Fmax / A
A0
T
T E
Ee
A
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering
True Fracture Stress: The load at fracture divided by the crosssectional area at fracture.
T fracture
Ffracture
Afracture
Ffracture A0
A0 Afracture
A0
Afracture
T fracture
A0
1
ln(
) ln(
)
Afracture
1 RA
T uniform
A0
ln( )
Au
Metal
Condition
K, psi
0,05% C steel
Annealed
0,26
77000
Annealed
0,15
93000
0,60% C steel
0,10
228000
0,60% C steel
0,19
178000
Copper
Annealed
0,54
46400
70/30 brass
Annealed
0,49
130000