HUMAN

SEXUALITY

Human sexuality is the expression

of sexual sensation and related
intimacy between human beings.
Psychologically, sexuality is the
means to express the fullness of love
between a man and a woman.
Biologically, it is the means through
which a child is conceived and the
lineage is passed on to the next
generation.

Sexuality involves the body, mind,

and spirit; therefore, this article
regards sexuality holistically and
does not separate out the
physiological mechanics of the
reproductive system.

Definition of Terms
Sex

refers to a persons biological

status and is typically categorized
as male, female, or
Gender refers to the attitudes,
feelings, and behaviors that a given
culture associates with a persons
biological sex.
Gender identity refers to ones
sense of oneself as male, female, or
transgender.

 Gender

expression refers to the

way in which a person acts to
communicate gender within a given
culture; for example, in terms of clothing,
communication patterns and interests.
Sexual orientation refers to the sex of
those to whom one is sexually and
romantically attracted.
Gender rolerefers to societys concept
of how men and women are expected to
act and how they should behave. These
roles are based on norms, or standards,
created by society.

Coming

out refers to the

process
in
which
one
acknowledges and accepts ones
own sexual orientation.
Closeted refers to a state of
secrecy or cautious privacy
regarding
ones
sexual
orientation.

Indicators of Biological Sex

sex

chromosomes
gonads
internal reproductive organs, and
external genitalia

HUMAN SEXUALITY AND

ITS
SOCIOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVES

basic assumptions

all societies regulate sexuality

social institutions affect sexual norms
appropriate behavior depends on
culture
Symbolic

the

Interaction theory

meaning or definition of situation, role taking

sexual

scripts

widespread acceptance and agreement

within and between sexes on meaning and
sequence of sexual acts

HOMOSEXUALITY

List
of
Terms
Homosexuality

involving

Homosexualityis

the condition of
"sexual desire or behavior directed
toward a person or persons of one's
own sex."
Heterosexual: A person who is only
attracted to members of the opposite
sex.Also called straight."
Male: a person with a specific set of
sexual anatomy
Female: a person with a specific set of
sexual anatomy

Homosexual:

A clinical term for

people who are attracted to
members of the same sex.
LGBPTTQQIIAA+:
any
combination of letters attempting
to represent all the identities in
the queer community, this nearexhaustive
one
(but
not
exhaustive) represents Lesbian,
Gay,
Bisexual,
Pansexual,
Transgender, Transsexual, Queer,
Questioning,
Intersex,
Intergender, Asexual, Ally

 Lesbian:

a term used to describe a

woman who is attracted to women
Gay: a term used to describe a man who
is attracted to men, but often used and
embraced by women to describe their
same-sex relationships as well
Bisexual: a person who experiences
sexual,
romantic,
physical,
and/or
spiritual attraction to people of their own
gender as well as another gender
Pansexual: a person who experiences
sexual,
romantic,
physical,
and/or
spiritual attraction for members of all
gender identities/expressions

 Transsexual:

a person whose gender identity is

the binary opposite of their biological sex, who
may undergo medical treatments to change
their biological sex, often times to align it with
their gender identity, or they may live their lives
as the opposite sex
Queer: a term that has been embraced and
reclaimed by the LGBTQ+ community as a
symbol of pride, representing all individuals who
fall out of the gender and sexuality norms
Intersex: a person with a set of sexual
anatomy that doesnt fit within the labels of
female or male
Asexual: a person who generally does not
experience sexual attraction (or very little) to
any group of people

 Ally

: a person who is straight but

supported the LGBTQ+ community
Cross-dressing:
wearing clothing that
conflicts with the traditional gender
expression of your sex and gender identity
(e.g., a man wearing a dress) for any one of
many reasons, including relaxation, fun, and
sexual gratification; often conflated with
transsexuality
Hermaphrodite: an outdated medical term
used to describe someone who is intersex;
not used today as it is considered to be
medically stigmatizing, and also misleading
as it means a person who is 100% male and
female, a biological impossibility for humans

CAUSES OF
HOMOSEXUALITY

1. Mans Sinful Nature. The

Bible, being the most
comprehensive transcendent
moral authority, abundantly deals
with human nature and behavior
and consistently manifests that
the nature of man has not
changed since the Fall.

2. Nurture and Environment.

That homosexuality is affected by
environment and nurture has
been
the
historical
secular
position.

In

his 1980 workOvercoming

Homosexuality, Robert
Kronemeyer writes: "With rare
exceptions, homosexuality is
neither inherited nor the result of
some glandular disturbance or
the scrambling of genes or
chromosomes. Homosexuals are
made, not born 'that way.

Parental

relationships with

offspring
Sexual abuse
Educational indoctrination
Xenoestrogens and
Xenoandrogens

3. Personal Choice
The
Bible shows that while
nurture and environment can
make one more predisposed to
certain types of behavior, man's
sinful nature can also deceive
one into believing that sinful
behaviors are not sin, while
yielding to sin reduces ones
ability to resist it.

CELIBACY

Celibacy(fromLatin,

clibatus) is
the state of voluntarily being
unmarried, sexually abstinent, or both,
usually for religious reasons.It is often in
association with the role of a religious
official or devotee. In its narrow sense,
the termcelibacyis applied only to
those for whom the unmarried state is
the result of a sacredvow, act of
renunciation, or religious conviction.In a
wider sense, it is commonly understood
to only mean abstinence fromsexual
activity.

Issues on Celibacy
Celibacy

in the Catholic priesthood still

a contentious issue
Vatican says the vow underscores a
priest's commitment to his vocation
Opponents say celibacy should be
optional, citing low seminary numbers
Speculation strong about whether a new
pope will keep the discipline of celibacy
For centuries, the Vatican has required
celibacy from its priests.

PROSTITUTION

Prostitutionis the business or practice of engaging

insexual relationsin exchange forpayment or
some other benefit. Prostitution is sometimes
described ascommercial sex.
Socio-economic issues
1. Illegal immigration
2. Survival sex. It is when the prostitute is driven to
prostitution by a need for basic necessities such as
food or shelter. This type of prostitution is common
among thehomelessand in refugee camps
3. Use of children
4. Violence
5. Human trafficking. Sex trafficking is defined as
using coercion or force to transport an unwilling
person into prostitution or other sexual
exploitation.

Prostitution in the
Philippines

Prostitution

in the Philippinesis
officially illegal. Penalties range up
tolife imprisonmentfor those
involved intrafficking, which is
covered by theAnti-Trafficking in
Persons Act of 2003.
Prostitutionis often available
through bars,karaoke bars(also
known as KTVs),massage
parlors,brothels(also known
ascasa),street walkers, andescort
services.

In

her Anti-Prostitution Act

(Senate Bill No. 2341), SenatorPia
S. Cayetanoclaims that the total
number of people being exploited in
prostitution in the Philippines could
be as high as 800,000.

Prostitution in various
regions
Olongapo

City,
Angeles City
Legazpi CityinAlbay,
Pasay Cityand
Subic BayinZambales

Reasons why Filipinos become

Prostitutes
Poverty.
Attitudes

toward money. Some Filipinos

have a carefree attitude concerning
income, wherein saving money is given
low priority and spending it is given a high
priority.Poorer Filipinos often tend to have
spending habits not commensurate with
their ability to afford items.
Social acceptance. Filipino society in
general tends to have high acceptance
levels of different behaviour.

U.S.Naval

and Air Force Bases. Prostitution

started around Clark Air Base in Angeles City
since the early 1960s, when the base assumed
importance because of the Vietnam war. During
the 1970s, the main street of Olongapo City had
no less than 30 girlie bars catering to the needs
of U.S. Navy troops visitingSubic Naval base.
The city acquired the pseudonym "Sin City".
Single Unwed Mothers. Some girls join the
prostitution industry after they become single
unwed mothers.The reasons for this vary,
between the unpopularity of condoms in the
Philippines because of a strong Catholic church
opposing it, poor / non-existent sex education,
lack of asex awareness legislationand a feeling
ofmachismoamong Filipino males.

Violence and coercion

against prostitutes
Women

and
children
involved
inprostitutionare vulnerable torape,murder,
andAIDSas well as othersexually transmitted
diseases.
Surveys of women working as masseuses
indicated that 34 percent of them explained
their choice of work as necessary to support
poor parents, 8% to support siblings, and 28%
to support husbands or boyfriends.More than
20% said the job was well paid, but only 2%
said it was easy work, and only 2% claimed to
enjoy the work.
Over a third reported that they had been

AIDS

 Human

immunodeficiency
virus
infectionandacquired
immune
deficiency
syndrome(HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions
(often calledHIV disease) caused by infection with
thehuman immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Following
initial infection, a person may experience a brief
period ofinfluenza-like illness. This is typically
followed by a prolonged period without symptoms.
As the infection progresses, it interferes more and
more with theimmune system, making the person
much more susceptible to common infections,
liketuberculosis,
as
well
asopportunistic
infectionsandtumorsthat do not usually affect
people who have working immune systems. The
late symptoms of the infection are referred to
asAIDS.

Transmission
1. Sexual. The most frequent mode of transmission
of HIV is through sexual contact with an infected
person.The majority of all transmissions worldwide
occur throughheterosexualcontacts (i.e. sexual
contacts between people of the opposite sex),
however, the pattern of transmission varies
significantly among countries.

2. Body fluids. The second most

frequent mode of HIV transmission
is via blood and blood products

3. Mother-to-child. HIV can be

transmitted from mother to child

How to Prevent HIV/AIDS

How To Prevent Hiv/Aids

There are several steps you can take to protect yourself
against HIV/AIDS :

Abstinence
Sober Sex
Latex and Polyurethane Barrier Methods
Fewer Partners/Monogamy
Needle Exchange/Clean Your Works
Pregnancy: If you are HIV positive and think you may be
pregnant, you should contact your doctor immediately to
discuss your options. There are medications that you can take
during your pregnancy to reduce your babys risk of being HIV
positive.
Breastfeeding: HIV positive mothers should not nurse a child.
HIV can be transmitted from mother to child via breast milk.
Instead your physician will provide alternatives to nursing your
baby.
Getting Tested:

Is There a Cure for HIV/AIDS?

There

is currently no cure for HIV/AIDS. But there are

treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS.
If you have HIV/AIDS, you can take combinations of
medicines called "cocktails." The drug cocktails are
designed to strengthen the immune system to keep
HIV from developing into AIDS or to relieve AIDS
symptoms. These drugs are often very expensive,
may have serious and very uncomfortable side
effects, and may not be available to everyone. They
only work for some people and may only work for
limited periods of time.
But thanks to "cocktails" for the immune system and
improved therapies for the symptoms of AIDS, people
are now able to live with HIV/AIDS for many years.
New treatments and research may help people live
even longer.

Misconceptions about
AIDS

Three most common

misconceptions
AIDS

can spread through casual

contact
sexual intercourse with a
virginwill cure AIDS
HIV can infect only gay men and
drug users

Other misconceptions:
You

could get HIV from

kissing
sharing a glass
spitting
a public toilet seat
coughing or sneezing

any

act of anal intercourse between

two uninfected gay men can lead to
HIV infection
open discussion of HIV and
homosexuality in schools will lead to
increased rates of AIDS.

END