Stars

and
the
solar
system

stars
Astaris a massive, luminous sphere
ofplasmaheld together bygravity.
The nearest star toEarthis theSun
a star shines due tothermonuclear
fusionof hydrogen in its core releasing
energy that traverses the star's interior
and thenradiatesintoouter space
Almost all naturally occurring elements
heavier thanheliumwere created by
stars

constellation
aconstellationis an internationally
defined area of thecelestial sphere.
These areas are grouped
aroundasterisms, patterns formed
by prominent stars within apparent
proximity to one another on
Earth'snight sky

Ursa major
Ursa Major, also known as
theGreat Bear, is
aconstellationvisible throughout the
year in most of thenorthern
hemisphere

Ursa minor
Ursa Minor, also known as
theLittle Bear, is aconstellationin
the northern sky

cassiopeia
Cassiopeiais aconstellation in the
northern sky, named after the vain
queenCassiopeiainGreek
mythology

orion
Orion, often referred to asThe
Hunter, is a
prominentconstellationlocated
on the celestial equator and visible
throughout the world.

Outer Planets
They are much farther away
from the sun as compared to
the inner planet
Jupiter Saturn Uranus and
Neptune are example

jupiter
It is the largest planet in the solar
system
it has 4 large moons, they are
Europa,Io
Ganymede and callisto

Jupiter

Saturn
It is second largest planet in the solar
system after Jupiter
It has 25 satellites that measure at
least 10km in diameter and several
smaller one
Saturns biggest satellite Titan is even
bigger than the planet Mercury

Saturn

Uranus
It was identified as a planet by British
astronomer William Hershel in 1781
But not very easily seen by naked
eyes
Uranus too has rings
Uranus is about 2.9 into 10 9 km
from the sun

The Inner Planets

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and

Mars.
They are close to the Sun and separated from the
much largerOuter Planets by an asteroid belt.
Sometimes,they are called terrestrial planets and
are composed of rock.
Due to their hard surfaces, these planets have
canyons, craters, mountains, and volcanoes.
They have few or no moons.
They are developed from small grains
of dust that collided and formed
together.

Asteroids
Asteroids are small solar bodies or
large pieces of rock or metal rocks.
They orbits the sun between Mars
and Jupiter.
This region is called asteroid Belt.
The first asteroid to be discovered
was Ceres was found in 1801 by
Giuseppe Piazzi .
There around 4000 asteroids orbiting
the sun.

Asteroids pictures

Comets
A comet is an icy and dust practical small Solar
System body that when close enough to the Sun
displays a visible coma (a thin, fuzzy, temporary
atmosphere ) and sometimes also a tail
It has a oval shape orbit.
Take more time to revolve the sun than asteroids.
When it come close to sun comets tail appears
due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar
wind upon the nucleus of the comet . And tail
stretches out up to 1 million kilometre .
It take few decades or thousand years to
revolve.
Common comet is the Halley Comet named after
Edmund Halley.
It revolves around the sun once every 76 years.

Pictures of comets

Meteoroids, meteors and

meteorites
Meteoroids : meteoroids are smaller than comets.
They are chunks of rocks.
They may be the particles of shattered asteroids.
When they come close to the earths orbit they are
pulled towards earth because of gravity of earth.
Around 15,000 metric tons of meteoroids and other
space dust enters Earth's atmosphere each year.
Meteors : the meteoroids burn up as the result,
there a enormous heat is generated. This makes a
streak of light. This is a meteor or a shooting star.
It is also called falling star.

Meteoroids, meteors and

meteorites
METEORITES : MOST OF THE METEOROIDS
FULLY BURN UP BEFORE REACHING THE
EARTHS SURFACE BUT SOME DOES NOT BURN
UP
THEY HIT THE EARTHS SURFACE. THIS IS
CALLED A METEORITE.
THIS ARE THE PICTURES OF METEOROIDS :

Phases of the moon

phase

Northern
hemispher
e

Southern
hemispher
e

Visibility and standard

time of culimnation (midphase)

New moon

Not visible,
Traditionally

Moon's first
visible
cresent

after sunset.
12 noon

Waxing
crescent moon

Right 1
49% visible

Left 149%
visible

afternoon and post-dusk.

3 pm

First quarter
moon

Right 50%
visible

Left 50%
visible

afternoon and early night.

6 pm

Waxing gibbous
moon

Right 51
99% visible

Left 5199% late afternoon and most of

visible
night.
9 pm

Full moon

Fully visible

Fully visible

sunset to
sunrise (all
night).
12 midnight

Waning
gibbous moon

Right 5199%
visible

Left 5199%
visible

most of night
and
early morning.
3 am

Third quarter
moon

Right 50% visible Left 50% visible

Late night and

morning.
6 am

Waning
crescent moon

Right 149%
visible

pre-dawn and
morning.
9 am

pre-dawn and
morning

Not visible,
traditionally
Moon's last
visible crescent

Left 149%
visible

Before sunrise.
12 noon