THE UNIT OF

CARRIAGE

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Also know as railroad car
-rolling stock in British parlance
-is a vehicle on a railroad that is not a
locomotive - one that provides another
purpose than purely haulage, although some
types of car are powered.
-It can be coupled together into a train, either
hauled by a locomotive or self-powered

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

The self-powered Coach seats 46 and is capable of carrying

2 tons of baggage/freight.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Most cars carry a "revenue" load, although
non-revenue cars exist for the railroad's own
use such as for maintenance-of-way purposes.
"Revenue" cars are basically of two types:
passenger cars, or coaches, and freight cars
or wagons/trucks.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Railcar Types
In the almost 200 years since the railroad was
invented
specialty
railcars
have
been
developed to transport every type of
commodity imaginable.
There are, however, nine basic types of railcars
used in international trade.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

They are:
1.Boxcar
2.Refrigerated Boxcar (Reefer)
3.Flatcar
4.Tanker
5.Container Carrier
6.Gondola
7.Hopper
8.Center Partition Railcar
9.Auto Transporter.

THE
UNIT
OF
CARRIAGE
Railway Requirements
Factors affecting railcar design specifications
include:1.Railway beds
2.Curves
3.Track
4.Railway gauge
5.Bridges and tunnels
6.Condition of the system as a whole.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

The quality, composition and condition of

railway beds affect the weight and speed
of a railway car.
Railway curves affect turning radius
requirements.
Railway track type determines wheel
requirements.
Railway gauge determines the width
between wheels.
Bridges and tunnels determine maximum
height.
The condition of the railway system

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

BOX CAR TRAIN

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

BOX CAR TRAIN
Boxcars are the most common type of cargo railcar
in use worldwide and are designed to carry boxed,
crated or palletized freight of all kinds.
Common commodities transported include: paper
products, canned goods, bulky freight.
Key Features and Options
Boxcars come in 50, 60, and 86-foot lengths with
load capacities ranging from 70 to 105 tons.
Single or double doors with plug or sliding
configuration, cushioned or non-cushioned underframes, insulated or non-insulated interiors. .

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Reefer = refrigerated box car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Reefer = refrigerated box car
Reefers (refrigerated) boxcars are designed to carry
perishable freight at specific temperatures.
Common commodities transported in reefer boxcars include
vegetables, fruit, orange and other juices, milk, meat and
poultry.
Features and Options
Reefers can be cooled with ice, a mechanical refrigeration
system, or carbon dioxide (as dry ice or in liquid form).
Some shipments of fruits and vegetables require only
insulated and ventilated boxcars to remove the heat created
in the ripening process.
Available in a multitude of lengths.
Meat reefers are equipped with specialized beef rails.
Dairy and poultry products require specialized interior racks

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Container Stack Railcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Container Stack Railcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Container Stack Railcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Container Stack Railcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Container Stack Railcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Container Stack Railcar
Designed to carry international standard 20',
40', 45', 48', and 53' ocean freight containers
in various stacking combinations.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Flat car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Flatcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Flatcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Flatcar
Flatcars are designed to transport oversize goods
and cargo that must be loaded from the side or
top.
Standard cargo for platform trailers includes:
ocean freight containers, intermodal truck trailers,
machinery, farm equipment, heavy construction
equipment, lumber, plywood, steel, steel products,
spooled wire, pipe and rebar.
Features and Options
Available in numerous lengths.
Features large flat cargo surface that will
accommodate virtually any commodity that is not

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Tanker car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Tanker car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Tanker car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Tanker car

Tankers are designed to carry bulk liquids.

Common commodities transported in tankers include refined
gasoline, heating oil, alcohol, industrial chemicals, acids
(sulfuric acid, oleum, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid,
ferric chloride, hydrofluosilic acid), clay slurry, corn syrup
and other foodstuffs.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Hooper car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Hooper car

Hopper cars are designed to transport free flowing dry bulk

commodities.
Common commodities transported include grains, industrial
minerals, plastic pellets, crushed rock, gravel and sand.
Features and Options
Hopper cars are available in both covered and uncovered
configurations.
Hopper cars have the advantage of bulk loading from the top
and bulk unloading through hoppers on the bottom.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Gondola car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Gondola car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Gondola car
Mill gondolas are extremely sturdy railcars designed to
transport iron and steel scrap, steel ingots, coiled steel,
sheet steel, pipes and other steel products.
Aggregate gondolas are designed to transport industrial
minerals, crushed rock and gravel.
Key Features and Options
Standard lengths range from 48' to 66'.
Standard wall heights range from 5' to 6' for mill gondolas
and higher for aggregate gondolas.
Mill gondolas are designed primarily for the steel industry.
Options include cross bars, load restraining devices, and
wooden troughs for handling specialty cargo.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Center partition railcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Center partition railcar

Center partition railcars (also called centerbeam

flatcars) are designed to transport lumber,
plywood, building materials and other packaged
products.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Auto carrier railcar

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Auto carrier railcar

THE
UNIT
OF
CARRIAGE
Auto carrier railcar

Autocarriers are designed to transport automobiles from and

to automobile manufacturing plants, ocean import/export
facilities, and distribution centers. Rail auto carriers are the
most efficient way to transport large numbers of automobiles
long distances by land.
Motor vehicles transported include passenger automobiles,
SUVs, pickups and minivans.
Features and Options
Autocarriers feature adjustable decks that can be moved to
bi-level or tri-level to accommodate automotive industry

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

As for KTMB they call it Wagons (unit of
carriage) used to move goods comprise of
general purpose wagons as well as customised
ones.
-Customised wagons are specially designed for
carrying specific types of cargo and are usually
owned by customers.
-Examples of these would be cement and
petroleum wagons.

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Passengers cars or coaches, vary in their
internal fittings base on their purpose. For eg.
-Luggage cars
-Sleeping cars
-Dining cars
-Toilet cars
-Observation cars
-Seated passenger cars (first or executive class
, normal class cars)
-Double decker car

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

THE UNIT OF CARRIAGE

Conclusion
When can we see trade movement like this in
Malaysia or in your home country by rail, what
will you think?