ENGINEERING

DRAWING
Mr. Darlo A. Cadiz
Edraw Instructor

LETTERING
It is more on freehand drawing and not writing.
It provides detailed specifications about the
drawn object.
Therefore, it is an essential element in both
traditional drawing and CAD (Computer-aided
design) drawing.

LETTERING

Origin and Evolution of Lettering

Egyptian
Roman

Phoenician
Greek

This early letter, which we now call Old Roman, is the parent of all the
styles, however diversified, which are in use to-day, and curiously enough,
instead of being archaic, is the most useful and artistic one for the designer.

RULES OF STABILITY
IN
LETTERS AND NUMBERS

First Rule
The upper portion of the letters B, E, K, S and Z
and the numbers 2, 3, 8 must be slightly reduced
to correct the optical illusion that they are
unstable and that their top part is heavy.

Upright

Upsidedown

Second Rule
The middle horizontal stroke of the letters B, E,
F and H should be drawn a little higher than the
physical center to balance the illusion that
horizontal lines drawn across a rectangle will
appear lower than the center.

Third Rule
The width of the upper portion of the letters K,
S, X and Z and the numbers 2, 3 and 8 should be
smaller than their lower portion.

Six Units of Letters

Shape
Slope
Spacing
Style
Size
Weight

Guidelines Used in Lowercase Letter

The most basic guideline it to drawing five thin lines.

This, if followed, will maintain the UNIFORMITY of the letters and numbers

3 General Proportion of Letters

Normal- enough space between letters.
Ex. ENGINEERING

Compressed - the letters are tightly arranged.

Ex. ENGINEERING

Extended- the letters are loosely arranged.

Ex. E N G I N E E R I N G

DRAWING

Drawing
Drawing is a form of art that has been made in
different drawing material like pencil, pen,
crayons, rather than paint.

2 Types of Drawing
1. Drafting/Freehand Drawing
These were drawings made without the use of drawing
instruments or straightedges.
That is, pictorial drawings as seen by the artist's eyes. As his art
medium he uses either a lead pencil, charcoal or carbon pencil,
black ink, pastel, oil paint, water color, or crayon.
A synonym for freehand drawing is sketch. All technical sketches
are freehand drawings, but not all freehand drawings are
technical sketches.

 2. Technical Drawing
Also known as drafting or draughting, is the act and discipline of
composing drawings that visually communicate how something
functions or is to be constructed.
It is essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering.
To make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols,
perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and
page layout.
Artistic drawings are subjectively interpreted; their meanings are
multiply determined.
Technical drawings are understood to have one intended meaning.

3 Importance of Drawing
1. That drawing is important to be human as all human need to
express their self and drawing is a way do to this.
2. That drawing is not Important as you dont need it to survive so
why do we still do it? As darwing is one of those things that gives a
meaning to surviving .
3. As it help as to unstand the world around us like you make study's
on animal to understand their movement and looks.
4. It helps as with our jobs as a designer may draw to come up with
new phones and gear.
5. Drawing can useful for daily tests drawing maps and drawing to
make notes Sorry for any spelling mistakes.

PENCIL
Drawing pencils are available in various grades of
hardness or softness. Hard pencils range from grades H,
2H, . . . , to 9H(the hardest). Soft pencils range from
grades B, 2B, . . . , to 6B(the softest).
Between H and B pencils are the HB and F. All of these
pencils are available in the market. With HB, 2B, and H
pencils, the student can easily make variations in the
lightness or darkness of his lines even if the pressure of
the pencil on the paper is the same for each grade pencil.

3 Pencil Points
Point 2

Point 4

Point 6

Sharpening the Pencil

LINE
A long thin mark made by a pen, pencil, etc.
In geometry a line:
is straight (no curves),
has no thickness, and
extends in both directions without end (infinitely).

Types of Line
A. Straight Line
B. Curved Line -An arc or segment of a curve is a part of
a curve that is bounded by two distinct end points and
contains every point on the curve between its end
points.

Straight line
a line traced by a point travelling in a constant di
rection; a line of zero curvature; "the shortest
distance between two points is a straight line"

STRAIGHT LINE
1. Hold the pencil naturally.
2 Spot the beginning and end points.
3. Swing the pencil back and forth between the
points, barely touching the paper until the
direction is clearly established.
4. Draw the line firmly with a free and easy
wrist-and-arm motion.

KINDS OF STRAIGHT LINE

VERTICAL LINE
HORIZONTAL LINE
PARALLEL LINES
PERPENDICULAR LINES
OBLIQUE LINES

Presented by
Beejay Roque

Emerson

Prince Mendoza

Andrei Sanchez

Mark Alev Beroa

Christian Alan Male

Dominique Saludo

Romel Pinili

Christian Jefferson Garibay

Marniel Abiera

Adrian Joseph Crisostomo

THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING