Immigration

Immigration
Process through which individuals become
permanent residents or citizens of a new
country and become permanent
immigrants
Or Movement by humans from one place
to another, sometimes over long distances
or in large groups
It can be permanent or temporarily
It can be voluntary or by force/compulsory

Reasons for Immigration

Immigration is/can be a result of a number of factors, including
Economic factors
political reasons
family re-unification
War
ethnical issues
Ideologies
natural disasters
Education
the wish to change one's surroundings voluntarily
etc

Different types of Immigrants

Refugee, any uprooted, homeless, involuntary migrant
who has crossed a frontier and no longer possesses the
protection of his former government.
Asylum Seeker, An asylum seeker is a person who
fled from their country but is not accepted yet as
refugee. It is temporary position.
Economic immigrant, leaving country for economic
reasons/benefits
Seasonal immigrant, A person who leaves his own
country seasonally for comfort or health reasons
etc

These three people

have immigrated to
the UK to live and
work. What type of
migrants are they?

Environmental Strain in Chad

Push and Pull Factors

People decide to immigrate because of push factors and pull

factors.

A push factor induces people to move out of their present

location

A pull factor induces people to stay in present location.

Both push and pull factors typically play a role in human
immigration.

Should Ammani leave Kolar Gold

Fields?
Ammani is a confident and intelligent
22-year-old who lives in Kolar Gold
Fields, in southern India. She is trying to
decide whether or not she will move to
the UK to study IT.
Right now Ammani lives with her father,
who used to work in the gold mines.
Ammani's brother and his four children
also live in Kolar Gold Fields. However,
only 12 families now live in Kolar Gold
Fields - it used to be a busy and
prosperous mining town with over 5000
people, but now the mines have closed
and unemployment is high.
Ammani's best friend, Sita, has already
moved to the UK and has been studying
business management in Manchester.

1.
2.
3.
4.

Which are push and which are pull

factors?

I worry about my father because he has a lung problem.

I love Bollywood films but the cinema closed down three years ago.
My auntie lives in London so I already have family in the UK
I could move to Bangalore instead. Its only 100km away from Kolar
Gold Fields and is the centre of the Indian computer industry.
5. Many families from Kolar Gold Fields have migrated to the UK or the
US since the mines closed down.
6. My boyfriend lives nearby Kolar and I would miss him if I went to
the UK.
7. Ive been working in a clothes shop in Kolar since I finished college
and my manager wants to promote me.
8. Ive spent my whole life in Kolar Fields and have never travelled
abroad.
9. I volunteer at a local orphanage in Kolar and the children would
miss me if I left.
10. I need a further qualification to get the job Id like in IT.

Which are push and which are pull

factors?

What should she

do?

Four Types of Push-Pull

We can identify 4 major kinds
of push and pull factors:
Economic
Cultural
Environmental
Affiliation
etc

Brain Drain
Brain drain (or human capital flight), is the largescale emigration of a large group of individuals with
technical skills or knowledge to other countries
Opposite is brain gain
In 2006, over 250,000 Europeans emigrated to the
United States (164,285), Australia (40,455), Canada
(37,946) and New Zealand (30,262). Germany alone saw
155,290 people leave the country (though mostly to
destinations within Europe).

Trends in Urbanization

Thank you

Questions