OrnamentalTrees

Cassia fistula
Common Name : Indian Laburnum or
Golden Shower
Origin : India, Burma and Sri Lanka
Flowering Season : February - March
Vernacular Name : Kakke mara
Brief Description : The inflorescence
of golden yellow flowers borne on
green stalks resembles a chandelier.
Butterflies Emigrants Catopsilia sp.
and the Grassyellows Eurema sp.
belonging to Family Pieridae choose
the tender leaves of this tree to lay
eggs on. Also characteristic are the
pods of this tree which could be up to
two feet in length. Each seed,
encapsulated in a sweetish pulp is
housed in a separate compartment
within the foot-long pod. The pulp is
said to have mild laxative properties
and is also a favourite of the sloth
bears. It is propagated from seed with
some difficulty. This moderately sized

Gliricidia sepium
Common Name : Gliricidia, Mother of
Cocoa, Quick stick (Jamaica)
Origin : Pacific coast of Mexico and
Central America
Flowering Season : February-April
Vernacular Name : Gobbarada mara
Brief Description : A small, deciduous,
ornamental tree, planted in gardens
and fields as a
green manure tree. The tree is
leafless when in flower and bears
fruits during April and May.
The small flowers (barely 2cm long)
are pale pink and they are borne in
dense clusters on
bare twigs. Flowers fade to white /
faint purple with age. It can be used
as an ornamental.
The flowers attract a lot of bees and
some lycaenid (Blues-Family
Lycaenidae) butterflies particularly the Peablue Lampides
boeticus. There are several of these

Jacaranda mimosaefolia
Common Name : Jacaranda
Origin : Brazil
Flowering Season : February-March
Vernacular Name : None
Brief Description :Jacaranda is a very
beautiful tree and spectacular when
in flower. It attains
a large size. The tree has a canopy
consisting of fine, feathery leaves due
to which it has a
great ornamental value. The leaves
are lost during winter and bunches of
flowers grow when
the tree is leafless. The flowers are
mauve coloured and tubular. The
seeds are enclosed in a
round, woody capsule. They hang
from the tree for a long time before
dropping off. There is
flush even when the tree is in bloom.
There are many trees that are coming
into bloom in

Solanum grandiflorum
Common Name :Potato Tree
Origin : South America
Flowering Season : Throughout the
year
Vernacular Name : None
Brief Description : This species grows
into a small tree seldom growing over
15 feet and is
very ornamental indeed. It has a very
proportionate round crown when
allowed to grow unhindered. The tree
is in flower most of the year. The
flowers are dark purple when they
are young, turning paler with age.
They occur in clusters and flowers of
different ages can
be seen in each cluster. Hence, at any
given point of time the tree has
flowers of all shades
of purple. The large leaves are deeply
indented. The young shoots and the
undersides of the

Tabebuia avellanedae
Common Name :Pink Tabebuia
Origin : Paraguay & Argentina
Flowering Season : January February
Vernacular Name : None
Brief Description : A stunningly beautiful
tree when in bloom. The Pink Tabebuia is a
small
statured tree. During most of the year the
trees bear very characteristic broad leaflets
(five
in number) that are pointed at the tip and
curved inwards. Prior to bursting into bloom
the
tree sheds all its leaves. The flowers are
deep pink with a pale yellow center and are
borne
in clusters. Like most other relatives, it can
be used as an ornamental very effectively.
This
species is better suited for this purpose
owing to its small stature and they do not
attract
the axe. All these make it very suitable for

Shading trees

Delonix regia
Common Name :Gulmohur
Origin :Madagascar
Vernacular Name :Kattikai mara
Brief Description :Gulmohur, though a
native of Madagascar, is now
common all over India. It is a fast
growing species. Truly a spectacular
tree when in bloom and otherwise
too, owing to its large, flat, spreading
canopy. The leaves are feathery and
beautiful particularly when young.
The tree bursts into bloom with the
onset of the hot season. And when it
does, it is bereft of leaves and is
transformed into a mass of scarlet
(although there is some amount of
variation in their hues). The flat, foot
long pods of this tree are very
characteristic and persist. The tree
has conspicuous buttresses that at
times spread extensively. The Small
Green Barbets often find this tree

Tabebuia rosea
Common Name : Pink Poui
Origin : Mexico, Venezuela, Ecuador
Flowering Season : February-March
Vernacular Name : None
Brief Description : A marvelous tree
indeed ! It grows large and is very
leafy. It provides
ample shade when in leaf. Leafs
resemble the silk cotton leaves and
borne on branches that
grow at an angle to the main trunk
and seem to reach out to the sky (this
feature can be
used well to differentiate the T. rosea
from a very similar species T. pallida some botanists
can comment on this). Like many
flowering trees, it is almost leafless
when in bloom. The
pale pink flowers grow in clusters
similar to the other Tabebuias. It is
undoubtedly a
splendid tree when in bloom. Ideal for

Ficus benghalensis
Common Name : Banyan
Origin : India
Vernacular Name : Doda Aladha
Mara
Brief Description : "Banyan" often
refers specifically to the
Indian banyan(Ficus benghalensis),
which is thenational treeof the
Republic of India. Like other fig
species banyans bear multiple fruit in
structures calledsyncarps. The seeds
of banyans are dispersed by
fruit-eatingbirds. The leaves of the
banyan tree are large, leathery,
glossy green and elliptical in shape.
Older banyan trees are characterized
by theiraerial prop rootsthat grow
into thick woody trunks which, with
age, can become indistinguishable
from the main trunk. Banyan trees
figure prominently in several Asian
and Pacific religions. It is also called
Indian or Bengal Fig. This tree is

ficus religiosa
Common Name : peepal tree
Origin :Nepal,India,Bangladesh,Myanmar,
Pakistan,Sri Lanka, south-westChinaand
Indochina.
Vernacular Name : araLi mara
Brief Description : Ficus religiosais a large
dry season-deciduousor semi-evergreentree
up to 30 metres (98ft) tall and with atrunk
diameter of up to 3 metres (9.8ft). The
leavesarecordatein shape with a distinctive
extendeddrip tip. Thefruitsare small figs,
green ripening to purple. As an interesting
fact, the leaves of this tree move
continuously even when the air around is still
and no wind is blowing. This phenomenon can
be explained due to the long leaf stalk and
the broad leaf structure. Ficus religiosais
grown by specialty treeplant nurseriesfor
use as anornamental tree, ingardensand
parksin tropical andsubtropical climates.
Peepal trees are native to India and thrive in
hot, humid weather. They prefer full sunlight
and can grow in most soil types, though loam

Enterolobium cyclocarpum
Common Name : Elephant Ear Tree
Origin : Mexico, Central and South
America
Flowering Season : February to April
Vernacular Name : None
Brief Description: This tree grows
large and bears flowers that are small
and somewhat
similar to those of the forget-me-not.
It flowers in profusion during the
season, to the
extent that the ground below the tree
almost turns white. The pods are
large, dark brown in
colour and each pod spirals so as to
produce a disk like structure. The
foliage is fine and
feather-like with a spreading crown
and is an ideal shade tree. A few of
these trees can be
seen in Bangalore. There are fine
examples in Cubbon Park, and a large

trees

Albizia lebbeck
Common Name : Womans Tongue
Tree
Origin : Tropical Africa, Asia, and
northern Australia
Flowering Season : April - May
Vernacular Name : Baage
Brief Description : This tree is
particularly noticeable after the
flowering is over and the tree
bears the large, light brown flat pods.
The pods hanging in good numbers
on the tree can
be seen during the winter months.
These make a loud rustling noise
when subject to even a
gentle breeze giving the tree its
common name. The greenish white
flowers of this tree are
very pretty, reminiscent of the Rain
Tree; they also have a mild fragrance.
The tree can be
easily propagated by seed.

Bombax malabaricum
Common Name : Red Silk Cotton
Origin : India and Malaya
Flowering Season : January - March
Flowering
Vernacular Name : Booruga
Brief Description :The tree is a
blaze of colour and completely
leafless when in bloom. The
numerous, large, cup-shaped,
crimson flowers are very attractive.
The flowers attract a variety of
birds and there is a cacophony of
bird calls. Depending on where the
tree grows the birds that visit the
flowers also vary. Soon after, large
green fruits dangle from the tree
that turn brown ejecting the soft
cotton attached to the seeds. This
is an indigenous, fast growing tree
and grows in most areas except in
the very arid areas. Virtually every
part of the tree is known to have

Bauhinia
Common Name :Variegated Bauhinia &
Purple Bauhinia
Origin :India
Flowering Season :Feb.-April & JuneOctober Vernacular Name
:Basavanapaada
Brief Description : Bauhinia variegata
and Bauhinia purpurea are very similar
looking trees. It is very difficult to tell
them apart. The former has very pale
pink or white colored flowers with the
some petals variegated while the
flowers of the latter are pink to purple.
Like in all Bauhinias the leaves are split
in the middle which is very
characteristic. Both the species
considered here are indigenous. B.
purpurea comes into flower when in leaf
while B.variegata looses most of its
leaves when in flower. The trees bear
long flat pods which hang and are
conspicuous. One can see trees in

Polyalthia longifolia
Common Name : Mast Tree
Origin : Sri Lanka
Flowering Season : March - May
Vernacular Name : Ashoka
Brief Description : Very often this tree
is erroneously called Ashoka (Saraca
asoca). The
name Mast Tree describes this
species better. These trees are
evergreen and grow tall. In
P.longifolia the long tapering leaves
are borne on short slender horizontal
branches while in
the case of var. pendula similar
leaves are borne on drooping
branches. Both are ideally
suited for planting in a variety of
situations. The flowers are pale green
with a hint of yellow
and not very prominent (particularly
in pendula where the foliage conceals
the flowers). Bats

Callistemon lanceolatus
Common Name :Bottle Brush
Origin : Australia
Flowering Season : February May;
October Vernacular Name : None
Brief Description : The name Bottle
Brush is very apt for this tree,
particularly the flowers. This tree is
full activity when in bloom. It attracts
nectar feeding insects, particularly
bees, in good numbers. The fine
leaves and the bright red
inflorescence make this tree sought
after for landscaping and planting in
gardens and parks. As the tree grows
very large, it loses its charm.
However, when the tree is small it is
very attractive. The bright red
inflorescence borne amidst fine
foliage makes it a good candidate for
landscaping. It is also a tree suited for
planting in small spaces.

Butea frondosa
Common Name : Flame of the Forest
Origin : India and Burma
Flowering Season : January - March
Vernacular Name : Muttuga
Brief Description : This tree when in bloom is indeed
a sight to behold, particularly so when
the forest around it is dry and most trees bereft of
leaves. The Flame of the Forest too, like
many other trees that share the habitat sheds most
of its leaves before putting forth the
bright, yet pleasing, orange flowers arranged that
are placed in clusters on its branches.
The flowers are visited by a host of organisms birds
and butterflies. An early morning
birding session in the vicinity of this tree during its
flowering season is rarely disappointing.
It can be propagated from seeds. Some Lycaenids
Gram Blue Euchrysops cnejus, Pea Blue
Lampides boeticus, Common Cerulean Jamides
celeno and Dark Cerulean Jamides bochus
(Blues Family Lycaenidae) use this tree as their
larval host plant.
In Bangalore there are very few of these trees

Palm trees

Roystonea regia
Common Name : royal palm
Origin : Roystonea oleracea is native to
Cuba and North America.
Vernacular Name : Ryal pm
Appearance:It has a single smooth gray
trunk that is covered with scars from old
leaves. Dark green arching fronds emerge
from a bright green crownshaft. Pinnate, or
feather-like, fronds grow up to 6-10ft long.
Flowers/Fruits:Fragrant, yellow flowers
bloom in the summer. Evergreen leaf-blades
reaching 18 to 36 inches top a crown shaft
that is long and green. Purple to black halfinch fruits are showy but not edible.
Growth Rate:Moderate. The Royal Palm
can get up to 60 70ft tall and 5 -10 ft wide
with a growth rate of around a foot each
year.
Outdoor/Indoor Use:Both. This palm can
be grown indoors if provided with enough
light.
Light Req:Partial shade to Full sun.
Water Req:Moderate. The Royal palm likes

Phoenix dactylifera
Common Name :date palm
Origin :North Africa and India.
Vernacular Name : Kharjrada mara
Appearance:It has a single broad, gray
trunk covered with ornamental
diamond-shaped pattern of leaf scars.
Trunk is about 16 inches in diameter.
Leaves are greenish, 1-2 ft long leaflets
arranged in V-shape ranks.
Flowers/Fruits:True Date Palm is
dioecious, male and female flowers are
born on separate plants. Male flowers
are white and female flowers are cream
and yellow. Only female plants produce
dates and only if a male tree is nearby.
Growth Rate:Moderate. Phoenix
dactylifera can grow up to 40 50 ft
with a spread up to 10-15 ft wide.
Outdoor/Indoor Use:Both.
Light Req:Full sun to Partial shade.
Water Req:Moderate. The Date Palm
grows best in moist well drained soil but
can also tolerate drought for short

Borassus flabellifer
Common Name : palmyra ot sugar
palm
Origin : Indian subcontinentand
Southeast Asia.
Vernacular Name : thati ningi
Appearance: The very large trunk
resembles that of thecoconut tree
and is ringed withleaf scars. Young
palmyra palms grow slowly in the
beginning but then grow faster with
age.
Flowers/Fruits: The fruit measures 4
to 7inches in diameter, has a black
husk, and is borne in clusters. The top
portion of the fruit must be cut off to
reveal the three sweet jelly seed
sockets, translucent pale-white,
similar to that of thelycheebut with
a milder flavor and no pit
Growth Rate: Borassus flabelliferis
a robust tree and can live more than
100 years and reach a height of 30
metres (98ft), with a canopy of
green-bluish leaves with several

Cocos nucifera
Common Name : coconut tree
Origin : subject of debate (more
evidence exists for an Indo-Pacific
origin)
Vernacular Name : Tegina mara
Appearance: Cocos nucifera has a
smooth single gray trunk that is
ringed with old leaf scars. Mature
palms become smooth with age.
Trunk is a little swollen at the base
and is usually slightly curved
Flowers/Fruits: Flowers are followed
by also called coconuts. Coconut is
one of the most recognizable and
most useful fruits in the world. They
range in color from green, to yellow,
or bronze-gold, to brown depending
on maturity and variety. Fruits are
oval, 3-angled, 12 inches long and10
incheswide, with single seed inside.
TheCoconut Palmseeds are one of
the largest of any plant. After
maturing it takes a full year for the

Caryota urens
SoutheastAsiaand India.
Common Name : fishtail palm
Origin :SoutheastAsiaand India
Vernacular Name : Bain tree
Appearance:The Fishtail Palm has
multi stem grey trunk. Each stem has
8 to 10 bipinnate leaves that can be
up to 9ft long. The leaflets shaped
like fishtails therefore the palms
common name is Fishtail Palm.
Flowers/Fruits:It produces beautiful
creamy flowers that grow among the
leaves. Flower stems about 12 inches
are followed by tropical looking green
fruits that turn dark red as they ripe.
Fruit has round shape and is about
inch diameter.
Growth Rate:Moderate. This
moderately fast growing palm can get
up to 10 20 ft tall and 5-10 ft wide.
Outdoor/Indoor Use:Both.
Light Req:Shade to partial shade.
Water Req:It requires a lot of water

Indoor
plants

cordyline fruticosa
Common Name :DUMB CANE
PLANT
Origin :city of Papua, New Guinea
and Southeast Asia.
Vernacular Name : Rjahansa
hvina
Description
Appearance:Each plant features
leaves which are yellow near their
vein, abruptly turning a dark green
toward the edge of the leaf. This
transition is random, even within
the same leaf, creating ribbons and
spots of yellow and green along the
leaf's body.
Flowers/Fruits:Although this plant
will occasionally produce buds that
are 5 inches (12 cm) long, they will
only bloom in perfect conditions.
These blooms are green and rather
unimpressive.
Max Growth (approx):Height 6ft.
Light:This plant prefers bright,
indirect sun light for the optimal

Strelitzia Reginae
Common Name : BIRD OF PARADISE,
crane flower
Origin :South Africa.
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance:Strelitzia reginaeplants
consist of clumps of greyish-green
leaves, with long stalks and broad oval
blades, arising from an underground
stem.
Flowers/Fruits:the flowers look like
the crest on a bird's head.Each flower
comprises three, upright, orange outer
tepals and three, highly modified, vivid
blue inner tepals.
The fruit is a leathery capsule
containing numerous small seeds, each
with an orange aril and an oil body,
possibly attractive to birds which may
help to distribute the seeds.
Max Growth (approx): Height 6ft
(can be kept to 3ft indoors).
Light:This plant demands bright, yet

Dypsis Lutescens
Common Name : areca palm,
butterfly and golden cane palm,
bamboo palm
Origin :Madagascar.
Vernacular Name : Bidirina pm
Description
Appearance:An attractive species
that prides itself in improving home
or office dcor and makes a great
focal point for large rooms, hallways,
reception areas and conservatories.
Flowers/Fruits: Six to eight leaves
on long petioles (leaf stems) arise
from the main trunk and gracefully
arch outward and downward. Each
leaf has about 80-100 leaflets which
are arranged on the leaf stem in a
shallow V.
The yellow flowers are borne in
branches about 3 ft (1 m) long that
emerge from the tops of the stems.
Max Growth (approx): Height 8ft.
Light:A fairly bright room without

Dieffenbachia Amoena
Common Name : cabbage
palm,good luck plant,palm lily
Origin :southeasternAsia.
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: Cordyline (Cordyline
fruticosa) can add color for the
landscape at your house whether
used inside or out.
The colors of this plant can range
from glossy green to reddish purple
to a combo of colors (red, purple,
white, or yellow) and this is just the
leaves
Flowers/Fruits: The plant can
produce red or yellowish flowers
that smell sweet.
Max Growth (approx):Height
13ft.
Light: This plant likes partial shade
to almost full sun.
Watering: Allow the soil to dry out
in between watering. Keep air
humid though so mist every so

ANTHURIUM SCHERZERIANUM
Common Name : flamingo flower
Origin :Central and South America.
Vernacular Name : Rjahansa hvina
Description
Appearance:These popular
houseplants are known as flamingo
flowers owing to the resemblance of
the flowering parts to the body and
twisted neck of a flamingo
Flowers/Fruits:The orange-red
spadix is usually coiled upward and
may be up to 8 cm long. Euglossine
bees are possible pollinators. The
fruits are orange to red.
Max Growth (approx):12 - 18
inches in height.
Light:The flamingo flower is a lover
of light - but not direct sunlight.
Watering:Keeping the soil moist at
all times within the summer is
advisable. Water every couple of days

CLIMBERS

Bougainvillea
Common Name : paper flower
Origin :South America
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: TheBougainvilleais
an immensely showy, floriferous and
hardy plant, with heart-shaped leaves
and thorny, pubescent stems.
Flowers/Fruits: The flowers are
generally small, white, and
inconspicuous, highlighted by several
brightly colored modified leaves
calledbracts. The bracts can vary in
color, ranging from white, red,
mauve, purple-red, or orange. Its fruit
is a small, inconspicuous, dry,
elongated achene.
Max Growth (approx):15 to 40 feet
Light:good blooming give them at
least 5 hours a day of full sunlight as
a minimum.
Watering: lot of water during the
warm times of the year. In cooler

ipomoea palmata
Common Name : mile-a-minute
vine, Messina creeper, Cairo
morning glory, coast morning
gloryandrailroad creeper
Origin : tropicalindia
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: Ipomoea is a fastgrowing, twining annual with heartshaped light to mid-green leaves
Flowers/Fruits: funnel-shaped
flowers to 3 inches across showy
flowers. These flowers have five
petals that are fused into a tube Each
fruit matures at about 1cm across
and contains hairy seeds.
Max Growth (approx): 8-10ft
Light:full sun
Watering: does not need much
water
Soil: Grow in moderately fertile, welldrained soil.

Quisqualis indica
Common Name : Rangoon Creeper,
Drunken Sailor
Origin :Tropical Africa and S.E. Asia
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: The Rangoon creeper
is aligneousvine that can reach from
2.5 meters to up to 8 meters. The
leaves are elliptical with an
acuminate tip and a rounded base.
Flowers/Fruits: The flowers are
fragrant and tubular and their color
varies from white to pink to red. The
30 to 35mm long fruit is ellipsoidal
and has five prominent wings. The
fruit tastes likealmondswhen mature.
The niyog-niyogan is usually
dispersed by water.
Max Growth (approx):over 40 ft.
(12 m)
Light:Sun to Partial Shade
Watering: Average Water Needs;
Water regularly; do not overwater
Soil:variety of soil conditions

Clitoria ternatea
Common Name : Sankhupushpam,
butterfly-pea, blue-pea, and cordofanpea
Origin :equatorial Asia.
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance:It is a perennial
herbaceous plant, with elliptic, obtuse
leaves. It grows as a vine or creeper,
doing well in moist, neutral soil. This
plant is attractive to bees, butterflies
and/or birds
Flowers/Fruits: The most striking
feature about this plant are its vivid
deep blue flowers; solitary, with light
yellow markings. They are about 4cm
long by 3cm wide. The fruits are 5
7cm long, flat pods with 6 to 10
seeds in each pod. They are edible
when tender.
Max Growth (approx): can climb to
9 feet in a hot summer
Light:Full Sun

Asparagus densiflorus
Common Name : Asparagus Sprengeri
Origin :south Africa
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance:Asparagus densiflorus
is a slightly woody evergreen plant
with upright or trailing branches, able
to grow up to 2 feet in height and 6
feet in length. Tiny spines are borne
in axils along branches. Needle-like
branchlets are clustered in nodes.
Flowers/Fruits:needle-like, midgreen foliage up to 500mm long, with
white flowers in summer, it is very
ornamental
Max Growth (approx):Height: 0.3
m, Spread: 0.5 m
Light: A. densiflorusis a good tub
subject for the shady patio. It grows
in sun or shade, but is inclined to
become more yellow-green and
smaller in the sun.

SHRUBS

DURANTA PLUMIERI
Common Name : Golden dew drop
Origin :tropical America
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: large, fast-growing,
multistemmed shrub is popular as a
screen or background planting, The full
clusters of fragrant, pale blue flowers
attract butterflies in summer and are
followed by bunches of golden-orange
berries, popular with birds.
Flowers/Fruits:Flowers and fruit are
often found on the plant simultaneously
and make an attractive show. Lvs. ovate
to obovate to 4" long, Fast-growing
Clusters of small bright orange-yellow
berries hang on the shrub most of the
year, so plentiful the branches droop.
Often have fls. & berries together
Max Growth (approx):over 10ft
Light:full to part sun for best flowering
display
Watering: just enough to keep the soil
moist and more during times of drought

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Common Name :Chinese hibiscus,
China rose,Hawaiian hibiscus
Origin :east asia, china
Vernacular Name : daswala
Description
Appearance: Hibiscus rosasinensisis a bushy,evergreenshrub
or smalltreegrowing with glossy
leaves and solitary, brilliant red
flowers in summer and autumn.
Flowers/Fruits:flower colors ranging
from white through yellow and orange
to scarlet and shades of pink, with
both single and double sets of petals
Max Growth (approx):816ft tall
and 510ft wide
Light:Full sun to part shade
Watering: abundant watering, Water
thoroughly, but not too frequently
Soil:rich, moist soil
Uses:widely grown as an
ornamental plant. used as a pH
indicator.
a number of medical uses

DOMBEYA SPECTABILIS
Common Name : Showy Dombeya,
Maple Leaved Dombeya
Origin : Madagascar
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: Dombeya is a decidious
small shrubs/tree with large mapleshaped leaves and dense heads of little
pinkish white flowers.
Flowers/Fruits: its flowers are lighter
in color, not as pink as the Pink Ball. the
stalks from which the flower bunches
hang are much shorter than those in
Pink Ball. the leaves a very much lobed
like a maple like, whereas in the Pink
Ball, the leaves toothed and nicely
heart-shaped. Leaves broadly circular, 27 cm long and broad
Max Growth (approx):15 m tall
Light: hot overhead sun
Watering: dry between watering to
constantly moist
Soil: enriched soil, mildly acidic to
mildly alkaline

BAUHINIA TOMENTOSA
Common Name : Showy Dombeya,
Maple Leaved Dombeya
Origin :India, srilanka
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: This medium to large
shrub with its attractive light green twolobed leaves produces beautiful bright
yellow flowers
Flowers/Fruits: Leaves are divided into
two lobes, light green in colour, with a
leathery texture, carried on branches
that are often drooping. It produces
large bell-shaped, bright yellow flowers
with a black to deep maroon coloured
centre from December to March. The
fruit are pea like, slender and velvety.
They are light green, turning a pale
brown with age and are produced from
January to June or even later
Max Growth (approx):4m height
Light: full sun
Watering: moderate amount of water
Soil: well drained with compost added

CACTUS

AGAVE AMERICANA
Common Name :Century plant, American
aloe
Origin :Mexico, United StatesinArizona
andTexas
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: Although it is called the
century plant, it typically lives only 10 to
30 years. Near the end of its life, the plant
sends up a tall, branched stalk, laden with
yellow blossoms, that may reach a total
height of up to 89mtall
Flowers/Fruits:gray-green leaves of 3
5ft (0.91.5m) long, each with a prickly
margin and a heavy spike at the tip that
can pierce to the bone. flowering only
once at the end of its long life. The plant
dies after flowering, but produces suckers
oradventitious shootsfrom the base,
which continue its growth
Max Growth (approx):1.83.0m tall
Light:full sun or a lightly shaded
Watering: allow to dry thoroughly before
watering

Disocactus flagelliformis
Common Name :rats tail cactus
Origin :Mexico
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: Aporocactus
flagelliformisis an epifhitic cacti which has
pendant stems is fast growing. Each of
these bright green stems has 8 to 12
narrow, low ribs separated by broad,
slightly raised areoles carry clusters of
brownish spines. Tubular, crimson-pink
flowers wide appears on mature growth
Flowers/Fruits: Flowers are produced
profusely in spring. The flowering season
lasts for about two months
Max Growth (approx): 5 feet long and
0.8 inch thick
Light:full sunlight
Watering: During the active growth
period water plentifully. During the winter
rest period just keep the mixture from
drying out
Soil:best compost consists of four
partssandy loam, and one part of equal

cereus peruvianus
Common Name : Peruvian apple
Origin : South America
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: The thick stem is a green
and greyish cacti color, with brown spines,
growing from the edge of the stem ribs.
Like other desert type cacti their natural
habitat is dry and they store water within
the stems
Flowers/Fruits: the funnel shaped
flowers are beautiful looking, which grow
up to 6in - 8in long and white or pink in
color. These flowers will open up during
the night and close at morning time.fruits
are sprawling, usually three sided, and
fruits pulp is edible raw
Max Growth (approx): 30ft (in the wild outdoors) and more than 3ft indoors
Light: bright light and sun light. direct
sun when blazing hot is best avoided
Watering: more often within the summer
and much less, winter time
Soil: fast draining pot mixture

Echinocactus Grusonii
Common Name : Golden barrel cactus ,
golden ball cactus
Origin :Mexico
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: The globular shaped
stemis ribbed and produces prickly
yellowish spines (there is also a spineless
type), and the crown of the cactus has
white colored woollen hairs at the top.
Flowers/Fruits: The golden barrel cacti
will produce yellow flowers during midsummer, although these are unlikely to
appear indoors. These are grown mainly
for the foliage rather than flowers; for the
desert look that's appealing to cactus
growers and collectors.
Max Growth (approx): 60 inches tall
and 36 inches wide in the wild
Light:Plenty of sunshine
Watering: when the soil begins drying.
Before and during winter barely water the
plant
Soil: fast draining pot mixture. Adding

Hatiora Gaertneri
Common Name : Easter or holiday cactus
Origin : Brazil
Vernacular Name : none
Description
Appearance: The Easter cactus forms
from a single, squat stem. From this,
elongated leaf segments grow.Easter
variety has no scallops or teeth on a
healthy leaf. These leaves darken in color
as they age, beginning life as pale green.
When fully grown, segments will arc
toward the ground under their own
weight.
Flowers/Fruits: In late April and early
May, this cactus will form stunning
starburst shaped flowers in crimson hues.
Flowers only bloom from areoles at the
ends of mature segments.
Max Growth (approx): Height 25 in/63
cm.
Light: bright partial light only
Watering: when the soil begins drying.
Before and during winter barely water the
plant

LAWNS

Paspalum vaginatum
Common Name : seashore
paspalum,biscuit grass
Origin :America
Description
Appearance: Thesheathsare smooth
and overlapping and the blades are mostly
smooth, with a sparse amount of long
hairs located on the top surface close to
the base. The blades range in widths of 38 mm and may be flat or folded inward
length wise. usually form in groups of 2-3
with smooth, solitaryspikeletsthat are
elliptical to ovate-lanceolate in shape.
Max Growth (approx): 3-8mm
Light: in reduced light conditions
Watering: irrigatedwith non-potable
water, such asgreywater, poor quality
with potable water
Soil: with moderate to high salinity;
tolerant of most soil types
Uses: used forgolf course turfand other
landscapingprojects. erosioncontrol in
sandy coastal areas. It has been shown to
survive pollution withcrude oil. Very high

stenotaphrum secundatum(St.
Augustine grass)
Common Name : Charleston grass,
Buffalo Turf
Origin : Southeastern United States,
California, Caribbean
Description
Appearance: St. Augustine grass
features leaves that are rolled at the bud
and theligulesconsist of a short fringe of
hairs. The collars are broad, smooth, and
very constricted and theauriclesare
absent.
The leaf blades are probably the most
identifiable feature. Smooth, very short,
and at least 1/4 inch wide, leaf blades
have a boat-shaped tip and take a 90
degree angle from the sheath at thecollar.
Seedheads form a thick spike with a few
thick, ellipticalspikeletsimbedded along
the sides.
Max Growth (approx): 3-6mm
Light: full sun
Watering: Does best with regular water
Soil: well-drained soil

cynodon dactylon
Common Name : Bermuda grass,
Indiandoab
Origin : north Africa, Asia and Australia
and southern Europe
Vernacular Name : garikehullu, balli
garike, ambate hullu
Description
Appearance: Bermudagrass features
leaves that are rolled into the bud and
theligulesconsist of a fringe of hairs. The
collars are narrow, covered with long
hairs, and theauriclesare absent.
Bermudagrasssheathsare strongly
compressed and sparsely hairy. The leaf
blades are relatively short, and only about
1/8 of an inch wide. They are rough along
the edges and sharply pointed.
Theseedheadforms 3 to 5 slender spikes
with oval shapedspikeletsforming in two
rows.
Max Growth (approx): 20-150mm
Light: full sun
Watering: Does best with regular water
(salt water can be used)

Zoysiajaponica
Common Name : zoysia grass
Origin : Japan,Korea,China,India,
North America
Description
Appearance: Zoysiagrass features leaves
that are rolled into the bud and
theligulesconsist of a fringe of hairs.
Thecollarsare medium in size and covered
with long hairs.
Zoysiagrass has
neitherauriclesnorsheaths, which is
probably its most identifiable feature. The
leaf blades are short and sharply pointed.
Seedheads are in the form of a weak
spike, withspikeletsalternating on two
sides. The spikelets are blunt at the base,
rounding and tapering to a point at the tip.
Max Growth (approx): 1-2
Light: full sun
Watering: Dry to medium
Soil: well-drained soil
Uses: Zoysia grasses stop erosion on
slopes, and are excellent at repelling
weeds throughout the year.[8]They resist

Zoysia matrella
Common Name : Manila grass
Origin : southeasternAsia, northern
Australasia, southernJapan, and southern
China
Description
Appearance: Zoysia Matrella grows
slowly and always looks inviting. It can be
mowed short to achieve a bowling green
appearance, between 20mm and 30mm or
left un-mown as a feature grass. It has a
soft feel, is thick under foot and has small
inconspicuous seed heads. It is one of the
most ascetically appealing of all turf
grasses. It has an excellent dark green
colour, very fine leaves, a low mowing
requirement, good wearing ability,
selective herbicide tolerance and
tolerance for low light situations.
Max Growth (approx): 20-30mm
Light: low light or full sun
Watering: Does best with regular water
Soil:ranging from sands to clays and both
acid and alkaline
Uses: planted for grazing stock among

GROUND
COVER

medicago sativa
Common Name : Alfalfa, lucerne
Origin :GreeksandRomans.
Description
Appearance:It superficially resembles
clover, withclustersof small purple
flowers followed by fruits spiralled in 2 to
3 turns containing 10-20 seeds.
A mature plant will tiller from the base,
sending up multiple stems that are
ascending or erect and branch
occasionally. The stems are usually
hairless, particularly as they become
older. The alternate compound leaves are
olive-green and trifoliate. Each leaflet is
oblanceolate or obovate, wedged-shaped
at the base and nearly truncate at its
outer edge. The margin issmooth, except
for some dentate teeth along the outer
edge.
Max Growth (approx): 1-2.5ft tall
Light: partial/full sun
Watering: efficient use of water
Soil: well-drained, deep friable soils with
high levels of soil fertility

Leucanthemum X superbum
Common Name : Shasta Daisy
Origin : southern and central Europe
Description
Appearance: It grows into a bushy clump
with foliage spreading about 18 inches
across. Shasta daisies bloom over a long
period from early summer to autumn with
happy bright white flowerheads borne
singly atop long green stems. The flowerheads are 2-5 in across with snow white
ray flowers and golden yellow discs. The
foliage grows in a mat with glossy dark
green leaves 8-12 in long arranged in a
basal rosette. The leaves are strap
shaped, nearly evergreen, and rather
thick. There are smaller leaves on the
erect flowering stems.
Max Growth (approx): 2-3ft tall
Light: partial/full sun
Watering: regular in water
Soil: Clay, Loam, Chalk, Sand
Uses: beautiful in border

sagina subulata
Common Name : Heath Pearlwort,Irishmoss,awl-leaf pearlwortorScottish
moss
Origin :Europe
Description
Appearance: An extremely popular
groundcover plant, this forms a very low
moss-like carpet of bright shamrock-green
foliage. Tiny little white flowers begin to
appear in late spring. Excellent for filling
in between the cracks of flagstone paving,
in the rock garden or as a lawn substitute,
Evergreen.Heath Pearlwort is a lowgrowing prostrate perennial plant forming
a thick, dense mat with stems less than
10cm long, and slender subulate (awlshaped)leavesup to 1cm long. The
flowersare 45mm diameter, with five
white petals; they are produced singly on
erect stems 24cm long. The seeds are
smooth, brown, triangular shaped
Max Growth (approx): 100-150mm tall
Light: partial/full sun
Watering: regular in water

gazania rigens
Common Name : treasure flower
Origin :sothern africa
Description
Appearance: It is naturalised elsewhere
and is widely cultivated as an ornamental
garden plant. It is a spreading, lowgrowing,half-hardyperennial, growing to
50cm (20in) tall and wide, with blue-grey
foliage and brilliant yellow, daisy-like
composite flowerheadsthroughout the
summer. older stems becoming subwoody.
Leaves alternate, up to 110 mm long and
30 mm broad, narrowly obovate to
obovate, tapering to the petiole, undivided
or pinnatifid with 1 or 2 (3) pairs of
obovate lobes, apex acute or subobtuse,
densely, soft, white woolly-hairy on both
sides. Flower heads terminal, solitary,
radiate, when fully expanded up to 40 mm
in diameter, pedunculate
Max Growth (approx): 400-500mm tall
Light: full sun
Watering: regular in water
Soil: sandy to average, well-drained soils

clover
Common Name : trefoil
Origin : South AmericaandAfrica
Description
Appearance: They are smallannual,
biennial, or short-livedperennial
herbaceousplants. The leaves are
trifoliate (rarely quatrefoiled, cinquefoil, or
septfoil), withstipulesadnateto the leafstalk, and heads or dense spikes of small
red, purple, white, or yellow flowers; the
small, few-seeded pods are enclosed in
thecalyx. Other closely related genera
often called clovers The alternate leaves
are compound, usually with three toothed
leaflets. The very small, fragrant flowers
are crowded into dense heads, or spikes.
The small, dry fruit usually contains one or
two seeds. Collect seedhead/pod when
flowers fade; allow to dry
Max Growth (approx): 300-450mm tall
Light: partial/full sun
Watering: regular in water
Soil: neutral soil
Uses: fooder plant

DONE DONE DONE