UNIT

SIMPLE FUTURE: WILL

FORM: WILL + VERB
USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action
"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something
voluntarily.
Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's
complaint or request for help.
We also use "will" when we request that someone help us
or volunteer to do something for us

EXAMPLES:
I will send you the information when I get it.
Will you make dinner?
I will not do your homework for you.
I won't do all the housework myself!

SIMPLE FUTURE:
WILL
USE 2 "Will" to Express a
Promise
"Will" is usually used in
promises

EXAMPLES:
I will call you when I arrive.
Don't worry, I'll be careful.
I won't tell anyone your secret.

SIMPLE FUTURE: GOING

TO
FORM: am/is/are + going to + verb
USE 1 "Be going to" to Express a Plan
"Be going to" expresses that something is
a plan. It expresses the idea that a person
intends to do something in the future. It
does not matter whether the plan is
realistic or not.

EXAMPLES:
He is going to spend his vacation in
Hawaii.
I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
They are going to drive all the way to
Alaska.

WILL & GOING TO

USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction
Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a
general prediction about the future. Predictions are
guesses about what might happen in the future.
In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little
control over the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not
apply. In the following examples, there is no difference in
meaning.

EXAMPLES:
John Smith will be the next President.
John Smith is going to be the next President.
The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.
The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy
Awards

Exercise: will
& going to

1. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We

(visit) _________________ Paris, Nice and Grenoble.
2. Sarah (come) _______________ to the party. Oliver
(be) _________________ there as well.
3. Ted: It is so hot in here!
Sarah: I (turn) ______________ the air-conditioning on.

4. I think he (be) ______________ the next President of the United States.

5. After I graduate, I (attend) _______________ medical school and become
a doctor. I have wanted to be a doctor all my life.

FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
FORM: will be + verb -ing
USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Future
Use the Future Continuous to indicate that a

longer action in the future will be interrupted

by a shorter action in the future.

EXAMPLES:
I will be watching TV when she arrives
tonight.
I will be waiting for you when your bus
arrives.
He will be studying at the library tonight, so
he will not see Jennifer when she arrives.

FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
USE 2 Parallel Actions in the Future

When you use the Future Continuous with two

actions in the same sentence, it expresses the
idea that both actions will be happening at the
same time. The actions are parallel.

EXAMPLES:
I am going to be studying and he is going to
be making dinner.
Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing
their plans, and having a good time.

future
progressive

1. At midnight we (sleep) _________________.

2. This time next week we (sit) ________________ at the beach.

3. At nine I (watch) _________________ the news.
4. I (not / work) ________________ all day.
5. (eat / you) ________________ at six?

FUTURE PERFECT

FORM: will have + past participle

USE: The Future Perfect expresses the idea that
something will occur before another action in the
future. It can also show that something will happen
before a specific time in the future.

EXAMPLES:
You will have perfected your English by the
time you come back from the U.S.
Will you have perfected your English by the
time you come back from the U.S.?

Exercise:
future perfect

1. I (leave) ______________ by six.

2. You (read) ____________ the book before the next class

3. She (not/finish) ___________ work by seven
4. They (arrive) ______________by dinner time.
5. We (be) ____________ in London for three years next week

VOCABULARY
assume: to take for granted or without proof (suppose)
clench: to close (the hands, teeth, etc.) tightly.
conceal:to hide; withdraw or remove from observation; cover or
keep from sight
dumbstruck: temporarily deprived of the power of speech, as
by surprise or confusion
frown: to contract the brow

lifeguard: an expert swimmer employed, as at a beach or

pool, to protect bathers from drowning or other accidents
and dangers.
non-verbal: related to communicate without words.
place(verb): to put or set in a particular place, position,
situation, or relation.
posture: the relative disposition of the parts of something.
squeak(noun): a short, sharp, shrill cry; a sharp, highpitched sound

VOCABULARY
stalk (verb): to pursue or approach prey
stranded: to bring into or leave in a helpless position
whistle: to make a clear musical sound, a series of such sounds,
warbling sound by the forcible expulsion of the breath through a
small opening formed by contracting the lips, or through the
teeth,with the aid of the tongue.
witness: to see, hear, or know by personal presence and
perception

yawn (verb): to open the mouth somewhat involuntarily with a

prolonged, deep inhalation and sighing or heavy exhalation, as
from drowsiness or boredom.
access: the ability, right, or permission to approach, enter, speak
with, or use; admittance
brain: the part of the central nervous system enclosed inthe
cranium of humans and other vertebrates, consisting of a
soft,convoluted mass of gray and white matter and serving to
control andcoordinate the mental and physical actions.
development: the act or process of developing; growth; progress

VOCABULARY
discussion: an act or instance of discussing; consideration or
examination by argument, comment, etc., especially to explore
solutions; informal debate.
feeling: an emotion or emotional perception or attitude
impression: the first and immediate effect of an experience or
perception upon the mind; sensation.
improvement: something done or added to real property that
increases its value.

interpretation: the act of interpreting; explication

mind:the totality of conscious and unconscious
mental processes and activities.
mood: a state or quality of feeling at a particular time
preference: the act of preferring, choice.
reach: to establish communication with

VOCABULARY
reference: a mention; allusion.
single: relating to, or suitable for one person only
suppose: to believe or assume as true; take for granted
temper: habit of mind, especially with respect to irritability or
patience,outbursts of anger, or the like; disposition

thought: a single act or product of thinking; idea or notion

translate:to turn from one language into another or from a
foreign language into one's own
unique: existing as the only one or as the sole example, having
no like or equal
whisper: to speak with soft, hushed sounds, using the breath,
lips, etc., but with no vibration of the vocal cords
handle: to manage, deal with, or be responsible for

VOCABULARY
rely: to depend confidently; put trust in
touch: to put the hand, finger, etc., on or into contact with (something) to feel it

behavior:
waved:

manner of behaving or acting

to move freely and gently back and forth or up and down, as by

theaction of air currents