TRANSPORTATION

MANAGEMENT
PEDESTRIANIZATION

OBJECTIVES

Identify modes of land transport, history and technological development.

Knowledge about different terminologies.
Understand the functions of different government agencies related to road
transportation.

Walking in developed countries

Walking in developing countries

BACKGROUND
Walking has been believed as a prerequisite to create lively,safe,
sustainable and healthy cities (Gehl, 2010)
Urban development concepts such as Compact City, SmartGrowth, New
Urbanism, or Transit Oriented Development(TOD) encourage people to walk
(Crane, 2000);

Facts:
Around 30-35% of trips in African cities are made on foot (UN-HABITAT, 2013).
In Sub Saharan cities, the number of trips made on foot canreach more than
50% of the total trips (Montgomerry & Robert,2008, adapted from Pendakur,
2005).
Pedestrians in African cities are marginalized and theirneeds are often ignored
in the design of urban space

GLOBAL POLICY
a. Paradigm shift in transport policy: from
infrastructure expansion - the ease of reaching
destinations.
b. Needs to establish a link between urban form and
urban transportation systems.
c. Poor infrastructures for NMT in developing
countries
a. The importance of recognizing streets as public
spaces to make city more prosperous
b. Prosperous Streets concept, calling for
stakeholders to place streets as crucial part of city
to achieve its prosperity, by reclaiming streets as
public spaces through design and planning process.

Global Policy
a. Walking and sojourning contribute to
livable, attractive, prosperous and
sustainable cities;

b. Public Institution taking care issue of

pedestrians are still rare;

c. Walking is facilitated by a wellconnected network with pedestrianfriendly infrastructure and welldesigned urban space

COUNTRY
GERMANY

Experience from Other

FINDINGS
Countries
a. Nurenberg Business activities grew in the city center after
pedestrianization
(Monheim, 2003)
b. Munich Neuhauserstrae becomes a very popular tourist attraction with
commercial rental rates up to USD 497 per square feet (Bates, 2012)

DENMARK

a. Copenhagen in Strget, the sales volume were increased by 30 percent,

and
different kinds of social interactions took place, with commercial rental rate
is up to
USD 303 per square feet (Kwok, 2002 from Robertson, 1994; Bates, 2012)
b. Pedestrianization in Strget also increase the level of human activities

SINGAPORE

a. Not all pedestrian streets in Singapore are successful

b. Lack of variations of use is considered as one of factor contributing to the
failure of
pedestrian street

AUSTRALIA

a. Melbourne In Bourke Street and Swanston Street, the number of

pedestrians on

PED XING
Ped Xingis the popular contraction of the traffic signpedestrian crossing.
Introduced in theCity of Manilain 2003, the Ped Xing traffic sign is notorious in Manila
urban culture for causing significant confusion among pedestrians and motorists since
it is often mistakenly identified as a street sign named after a Chinese Filipinohero.

 The Philippines follows its rules towards traffic signs from the Vienna
Convention on Road Signs and Signals, alongside with other countries such
as India, Greece and Italy.
The Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals is an
international treaty designed to increase road safety and aid international
road traffic by standardising the signing system for road traffic (road
signs, traffic lights and road markings) in use internationally.

 In article 2 the convention classes all road signs into a

number of categories (A - H):
A. Danger warning signs
B. Priority signs
C. Prohibitory or restrictive signs
D. Mandatory signs
F.

Information, facilities, or service signs

G. Direction, position, or indication sign

H.

Additional panels

DANGER WARNING SIGNS

Warning signs can indicate any potential hazard, obstacle

or condition requiring special attention.
Here are the most common warning signs:

General Auction
Sign

Congestion
Sign

Crossroad
Sign

Yjunction
Sign

Traffic
Circle Sign

Two-way
Traffic
Sign

Gentle Curve
Signs

Sharp Curve
Signs

Hairpin Curve
Sign

Winding Road
Signs

Combined Curves
Signs

Lane Ends Signs

Traffic Signal
Ahead Sign

Traffic Control
STOP Ahead
Sign

Pedestrian
Crossing Sign

Pedestrian
Sign

Farm Animals Sign

Height
Restriction Sign

Length
Restriction
Sign

Narrow
Bridge Sign

Speed Humps
Sign

Slippery Road
Sign

Falling Rocks
Sign

Reduced
Visibility Sign

Electric Shock
Sign

Sharp Curve Chevron

Signs

Flagman Ahead Sign

Men at Work
Sign

PRIORITY SIGNS

Prioritytraffic signsindicate the order in which

vehicles should pass intersection points.
Here are some common examples of Priority
Traffic Signs :

Stop Sign

Go Sign

Yield Sign

Yield to
Pedestrians Sign

No Entry
Sign

Yield to
Oncoming Traffic
Sign

One way Roadway Signs

PROHIBITORY OR RESTRICTIVE SIGNS

Prohibitorytraffic signsare used to prohibit certain

types of manoeuvres or some types of traffic.
Here are some common examples of prohibitory
traffic signs:

Speed Limit
Sign

Mass Limit Sign

Height
Restriction Sign

Length
Restriction
Sign

Excessive
Noise
Prohibited Sign

Unauthorized
Vehicles
Prohibited Sign

Left/Right Turn Prohibited Sign

Left/Right Turn Ahead Prohibited Sign

U-Turn Prohibited
Sign

Overtaking
Prohibited Sign

Parking Prohibited
Sign

Stopping
Prohibited Sign

Pedestrian
Prohibited Sign

Pedal Cycle
Prohibited Sign

Taxi Prohibited
Sign

Bus Prohibited
Sign

MANDATORY SIGNS
Mandatory signsareroad signswhich are used to set
the obligations of all traffic which use a specific area of
road. Unlikeprohibitory or restrictive signs, mandatory
signs tell traffic what it must do, rather than must not
do.
Here are some common examples of mandatory signs:

Minimum Speed
Sign

Vehicles
Exceeding Mass
Only Sign

Keep Left/Right Sign

Pedestrians Only Sign

Taxi Only Sign

Bus Only Sign

Pay Toll Sign

Roundabout Sign

Switch Head
Lamps On Sign

INFORMATION, FACILITIES OR SERVICE

SIGN
Service signs are those that indicates a specific
facility by which many can find useful, especially
those that can be used for medical purposes,
security, and food.
Here are some common examples of service signs:

Parking Area Sign

Hospital Sign

Dinner & Restaurant

Sign

School Sign

Police Sign

Medical Services
Sign

Gasoline Station
Sign

Diesel Station Sign

DIRECTION, POSITION, OR INDICATION

SIGNS
Adirection sign, more fully defined as adirection,
position, or indication signby theVienna Convention
on Road Signs and Signals, is anyroad signused
primarily to give information about the location of
either the driver or possible destinations, and are
considered a subset of theinformative signs group.
Here are some common examples of Indication
Signs:

Destination Sign

Destination w/ Distance
Sign

3-way Destination w/ Distance

Sign

TRAFFIC LIGHTS

Go

Slow
Down

Sto
p

PEDESTRIAN LIGHTS

Dont Walk

Walk

Walk

Dont
Walk

HAND SIGNALS
TRAFFIC OFFICERS

Stop traffic
approaching from
the front.

Stop traffic approaching

from the rear.

Stop traffic approaching

the front and rear.

Indicates the
traffic to proceed.

FLAG SIGNALS ROAD

CONSTRUCTION

Flag signal to
warning traffic.

Flag signal to
stop.

Flag signal to proceed.

Flag signal to slow

down.

Warning to slow moving

vehicles.

EXCLUSIVE PARKING
BAY SYMBOLS

Ambulanc
e

Taxi

Bus

Fire

Loadin
g

Police

CONTD