Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Learning Unit 2
One-sample and Paired Sign
Test
STF1103: Statistic for Biology II
Semester II 2012
When the assumption that the sampling distribution of the population is not normal, but
continuous (i.e. not categorical) and symmetrical about .
Pr( X 0 ) Pr( X 0 )
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
and
STF1103: Statistic for Biology II
H : 160
The hypotheses are: 0
2
H A : 160
2
use to compare sample distributions from two populations that are not independent
(e.g. before-and-after kind of study).
Example
A restaurant is introducing a new recipe of fried chicken. The
marketing department wants to know if the new recipe if
tastier than the original one.
The customers are randomly selected for a test. Each person is
given a piece of original fried chicken to try and rates the taste
on a scale of 1 to 10 (poor to very good).
After drinking a glass of water, the same customer is given a
piece of fried chicken cooked using the new recipe, and asked
to rate the taste using the same scale.
Taste Rating
Customer
Original
(x)
New recipe
(y)
10
10
The null hypothesis in this example is that the new recipe has no effect
on the preference or choice of the customers.
However, the sample data revealed only 2 persons show dislike. The question to ask
now is. What is the chance of having at most 2 out of 8 persons indicating
dislike when in fact Ho is true?
To find the answer, we look into the binomial table for n = 8, r = 2 (i.e.
the number of sign, or people dislike the new recipe), and p = 0.5
Semester II 2009/2010
Semester II 2009/2010
Just as t-test can be applied to paired data to test whether two normal
populations have the same mean or not.
Paired Sample Sign Test can be used to test the hypothesis that two
symmetric continuous population distributions have the same mean.
The procedure are:(i) Calculate di = xi yi, where xi and yi are the paired data.
(ii) Assign a + or sign to each di.
(iii) the test statistic is S = number of + signs (S is binomial)
(iv) The rejection region is obtained from binomial table, with n = total
number of + and signs in the sample.
STF1103: Statistic for Biology II
Example
The number of defective items produced by two production
lines A and B was recorded for 8 days.
Day
172
165
206
184
174
142
156
201
201
179
159
192
177
170
163
182
Example (continue)
The hypotheses are:
H0 : A = B
HA : A > B
Assigning + or sign to each di,
Day
172
165
206
184
174
142
156
201
201
179
159
192
177
170
163
182
di
Example (continue)
Hence n = 8, and the test statistic is S = 2.
1
2