EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Is the system of an organism's

body that performs the function
of excretion, the bodily process
of discharging wastes.

Consists of specialized structures and capillary networks that

assist in the excretory process.

PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF EXCRETORY

SYTEM
Remove wastes from the body (Excretion)
Eliminates useless by products excreted from cells
Eradicates harmful chemical build-ups
Maintains a steady, balanced chemical concentration

PRIMARY EXCRETORY SYSTEM ORGANS

KIDNEYS
Two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist
Importance
prevent
the
buildup
of wastes
extra
in spine
the
Located just
below
the
rib cage,
one onand
each
side fluid
of the
body
keep levels of electrolytes stable, such as sodium,
potassium, and phosphate
make hormones that help
regulate blood pressure
make red blood cells
bones stay strong

SKIN
Importance
Your skin is like a
Body Guardit offers
protection.
Your skin is like a
Raincoatits a barrier
to water.
Your skin is like a
Spongeit absorbs
things.

the largest organ of the body, with a total area

of about 20 square feet.
protects us from microbes and the elements,
helps regulate body temperature, and permits
Your
the sensations of touch, heat,
andskin
cold.is like a
Thermostatit regulates
Skin has three layers:
your body temperature.
The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin,
provides a waterproof barrier and creates our
skin tone.
Your skin is like a
The dermis, beneath the epidermis, contains
Switchboardit transfers
tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and
information.
Your skin is like a
sweat glands.
Manufacturing Plant
synthesizes
The deeper subcutaneous
tissue (hypodermis)
it
chemicals.
is made of fat and connective tissue.

LUNGS

Breathe
in. Breathe out. Breathe in. Breathe out.
The cone-shaped lungs are sponge-like organs that fill the chest cavity
and make up most of the lower respiratory tract.

Their most important job is providing oxygen to capillaries so they can

oxygenate blood.
Each lung is divided into lobes.
The right lung has three, but the left lung has only two, thus
allowing room to accommodate the heart.

The lungs have an important job. They are

part of the respiratory system that circulates

about 10,000 quarts of air through your
system each day to deliver oxygen to every
cell in your body.

ACCESSORY ORGANS
Liver

Responsible for detoxifying and

breaking down any toxins such
as chemicals and poisons that
enter our bodies
Produces bile which the body
then uses to help break fats
down into unusable waste and
usable fats

Gallbladder

Although the gallbladder does not

have a highly significant role to

play in the excretory system, it
does have a function that assists
the overall process. Bile, a liquid
produced by the liver to break
down waste, is first stored in
the gallbladder.

A ureter is one of two uterine tubes that carry

urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Each
ureter is about 10 to 12 inches long.
Urine flows down partly by gravity, but
mainly by waves of contractions, which
pass several times per minute through
the muscle layers of the urethral walls.

Ureter

The large intestine is the final section of the

gastrointestinal tract that performs the vital task

Large Intestine

of absorbing water and vitamins while converting

digested food into feces. Although shorter than the
small intestine in length, the large intestine is
considerably thicker in diameter, thus giving it its
name. The large intestine is about 5 feet (1.5 m)
in length and 2.5 inches (6-7 cm) in diameter in
the

living

body,

but

becomes

much

larger

postmortem as the smooth muscle tissue of the

intestinal wall relaxes.

COMMON DISEASES THAT

ARE AFFECTING EXCRETORY
SYSTEM

SYMPTOMS

Is
Include
a type
frequent
of urination
urinary tract
infection
that travels
Burning during
urinationfrom the
urethra
and to the
Blood in or
the bladder
urine
kidneys
Pain in the groin and abdominal pain

Occurs when bacteria enter the

body through the urinary tract

PYELONEPHRITIS

Is
the
medical
term
for
inflammation of the bladder and
it is one of the most common
disease that affects excretory
system organs

CYSTITIS

Often caused by infection and is

usually accompanied by frequent
and painful urination.

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Is an infection
involving the
kidneys, ureters,
bladder, or
urethra
Are much more
common in adults
than in children, but
about 1-2% of
children do get
urinary tract
infections

SYMPTOMS
Include abdominal pain
Painful and difficult
urination

Is the most
common urinary
tract problem in
children besides
bedwetting

Fever

About 40% of
women and 12% of
men have a urinary
tract infection at
some time in their
life

SYMPTOMS
The
symptom of urethra
Is main
inflammation
of the urethra
inflammation from urethritis is pain
withOther
urination
(dysuria)
symptoms
of urethritis
Pain
with
urination
is the main
Feeling the frequent or urgent need to
include: of urethritis.
symptom
urinate
Pain during
sexurination
Difficulty
starting

It
typically
beurethral
curedpain,
with
can
Discharge
fromcause
the
Urethritis
can also
itching,
or
discomfort
when a person is not urinating
antibiotics
opening or vagina

URETHRITIS

In men, blood in the semen or

Is commonly
due to infection
byurine
bacteria

Solid piece of material that forms in a kidney when substances that

are normally found in the urine become highly concentrated. A
SYMPTOMS
stone may
stay in the kidney or travel down the urinary tract.
Include extreme pain
One
of the in
most
disorders
Cramping
the common
lower abdominals
of the urinary tract.
and back
Nausea
Vomiting

KIDNEY STONE

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