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Strong Electolytes X-ray of crystals of ionic solids, such as NaF, NaCl, KCl, Na2So4
and NaOH, which are strong electrolytes, has revealed that the
crystal lattice consists exclusively of ions.
There are no molecules.
These compounds are called electrovalent compounds.
In sodium fluoride, there is transference of one electron from a
sodium atom to a fluorine atom.
The crystal of sodium fluoride, therefore, consists entirely of
sodium ions and fluoride ions.
= ^m/ ^om
The ions will be so far apart in this case that the forces of
attraction between Na+ and Cl- ions will be almost negligible.
Interionic effect
The ions will be so far apart in this case that the forces of
attraction between Na+ and Cl- ions will be almost negligible.
This gives rise to the ionic atmosphere where the central ion
is surrounded by a group of ions of opposite charge.
+
-
(a)
+
-
+
(a)
+
-
^m =
82.4
( DT)1/2
8.20 x 105
(DT)1/2)
T - absolute temperature,
c - concentration of the solution in moles per litre.
The sum of these two effects multiplied with the square root of
the concentration gives the decrease of molar conductance ^ m
from its limiting value ^om.
The values of A and B for water at 25oC come out to be 60.2 and
0.229, respectively.
therefore :
Hyd
roch
l
Potassium c
h
Silv
er
Sodium
or i c
ac i d
loride
n i tr a
te
nitate
concentration
Verification of Debye-Huckel equation.