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SCADA

by
Prasad Mane (05IT6012)
School of Information Technology

Contents..

Introduction
Hardware Architecture
Software Architecture
Functionality
Conclusion
References

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SCADA

Introduction

What is SCADA?

What is data acquisition?

Where and why, use of SCADA?


Application area :

Industrial processes : chemical, power generation and


distribution, metallurgy,
Nuclear processes
: reactors, nuclear waste, ...
Experimental physics : HEP laboratories

Application size:

20 k I/O to 450 K I/O,


1 M I/O under development

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SCADA

ERP Systems
Expert Systems

SCADA ?
Supervisory
Control

And

Data
Acquisiti
on

Graphics and Batch processing

Archiving, Logging,
Access Control, Alarms

Distributed database
Data Server

Data Server

PLCs
Field Bus

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SCADA

Control Programs
4

Architecture

Hardware

Software

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SCADA

Hardware

Typical Hardware Architecture


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SCADA

Software Architecture

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SCADA

Software Architecture

Communication

Internal Communication
Access to Devices

Interfacing
H/W

Multiple communication protocols supported in a single system


Support for major PLCs/DCSs but not VME

S/W

API
ODBC, DDE and OLE I/F to PC Products
OPC Client and OPC Server
ActiveX Containers

Scalability

Database
Configuration DB, alarm DB, Archive DB, log DB and
RTDB resides in the memory of the servers
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SCADA

Functionality

Generic SCADA functionality

Access Control,
MMI,
Trending,
Alarm Handling,
Logging, Archiving,
Report Generation,
Automation.

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SCADA

Functionality Contd..

Access Control
Users - allocated to groups
group - defined read/write access

MMI
multiple screens
library of standard graphical symbols
dragged and dropped
zooming, re-sizing, scrolling...
Links - pages to navigate

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Functionality Contd..

Trending
based on parameters on specific chart
can be predefined or defined on-line
more than 8 trended parameters per chart
both real-time and historical trending
zooming and scrolling

Alarm Handling
based on limit and status checking
handled centrally
E-mails can be generated

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Functionality Contd..

Logging, Archiving

Data stored in compressed and proprietary format


Logging / Archiving either for a set number of parameters or for
a set period of time
Logging / Archiving can be frequency or event driven *
Logging of user actions together with a user ID
VCR facility for playback of stored data
Writing logs into RTDB

Report Generation

Reports created using SQL type queries to the RTDB or logs


Automatic generation, printing and archiving of reports
Use of components for report generation

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Functionality Contd..

Automation
triggered by events
defined in scripting languages
send e-mail ,write into RTDB
recipes
Sequencing

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Development Tools

Project editor
Graphics editor
Configuration through parameter templates
Scripting language
Driver Development Tool Kit
And more

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Data Access Mechanism's

Alarm Server

Alarm Server typically poll


data from the data server
( -> impact on network
Data Server
bandwidth)
More advanced techniques like
publish / subscribe are
available in some cases

g
Pollin

lli
Po
ng

Data from field buses are


mainly polled

Field Bus
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Conclusion
SCADA is a control system with
More frond end functionality
More interfaces and efficient storage
More record or device oriented configuration
but System wide configuration tools are needed
are less expensive than DCS, but offer different functionality
than DCS
And finally various applications

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References
1.

www.scadanews.com

2.

www.princeton-indiana.com/wastewater/pages/scada/scada-overv
iew.html

3.

www.ref.web.cern.ch/ref/CERN/CNL/2002/003/scada/

4.

www.sss-mag.com/scada.html

5.

www.scada.com

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