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TUMORS
Dr. Indri Windarti, Sp.PA
Derajat
maturitas
dan diferensiasi sel
1.Histologic
grade
bdsk kemiripan sel
tumor dgn sel
normal
2.Nuclear grade
GRADING
TUMOR GRADES
Microscopic
GX
grade)
G1
G2
grade)
G3
G4
Gleason
prostate cancer
Elston-Ellis breast cancer
Fuhrman kidney cancer
system
Gleason
Fuhrman system
GRADING
SYSTEMS
For
Lower
Important
GRADING TREATMENT
Perluasan
Kegunaan:
- merencanakan pengobatan
- estimasi prognosis
STAGING
This
Staging klinis
Pathological
Staging patologis
No
Common
elements :
- Location of the primary tumor
- Tumor size and number of tumors
- Lymph node involvement (spread of
cancer into lymph nodes)
- Presence or absence of metastasis
STAGING SYSTEMS
Most
Based
Number
TNM - system
staging
Each
OTHER CLASSIFICATION
Ann Arbour lymphomas
Physical
exams
examination,
looking,
listening
Imaging studies X-ray,
US, CT, MRI, PET
Laboratory tests blood,
urine,
AST/ALT,
tumor
markers
(CA19-9,CA195.)
Pathology
reports
biopsy, cytology
Surgical reports
Questions?