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Training Objectives
Understand how forklifts work
Operate a forklift safely and skillfully
Identify operating hazards
Apply general principles of safe operation
Properly inspect and maintain a forklift
Hitting a pedestrian
Tipping over
Improperly positioned loads
Falling from raised forks
Falling from a ladder struck with a
forklift
Falling material
Forklift Operation
OSHA 1910.178 states Only
trained and authorized operators
shall be permitted to operate a
powered industrial truck.
Types of Forklifts
Interesting Facts
Forklifts weigh thousands of
pounds (4,000 - 8,000 lbs.)
Are extremely powerful.
Use rear wheel steering.
Can turn in a very tight circle.
Are not very wide for use in
aisles.
Truck Body
Overhead Guard
Hydraulic Lift
Gauges
Truck Controls
Switches
Data Plates
OSHA requires a
legible nameplate
It includes
information about
the forklift and
attachments
It lists the maximum
load capacity
It describes the load
center
Load Capacity
Determine a Loads
Center of Gravity
Center of gravity is
the balance point
CENTER OF
180LB
GRAVITY OF LOAD
300LB
CENTER OF GRAVITY
LOAD CENTER
Stability Triangle
Vehicle Center of
Gravity (unloaded)
Stability Triangle
Center of Gravity of
Vehicle and Maximum
Load (Theoretical)
Stability Triangle
The
18
Center of gravity
side to side
Center of gravity
forward
Center of gravity
backward
Combination of actions or
circumstances can cause tipover
Load Centering
Load Centering
Load Centering
Speed
KEEP YOUR
SPEED DOWN!
Maintain indoor
speed under 5 mph (8 km/hr)
outdoor speed under 15 mph
(24 km/hr).
Conduct a
Preoperational
Inspection
Forklift is
properly
disengaged
Walk to both
sides
Check front
Walk to rear
Diesel-powered
Check
Operating a Forklift
29
up load
up load (cont.)
30
31
32
a load
33
a load (Cont.)
34
a load
35
tips
in control
Drive in reverse if you cannot see over the load
36
37
Stopped Forklift
When
Parked or unattended
equipment
Signs or postings
38
Pedestrians
Pedestrians
Pedestrians
39
Change operating
clearances
Change capacity
Change stability
and load center
Image Credit: CDC
involving
pedestrians may be
caused by:
Obstructed view
Turning
Speeding
Pedestrian unaware
forklift is present
Carrying passengers
and horseplay
Operating Hazards
Environmental Conditions
Traveling on ramps
Slippery floors
Operating on dirt
or gravel
Poor lighting
Operating Hazards
Load Carrying
Working around
loading docks
Stacking and
unstacking on
racks
Forklift parked on
sloped surface
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WORD BANK
preoperational inspection
battery test
operators seat
warehouse
authorized drivers
supervisors
jump
remain seated
low
high
Inspection procedures?
Operating procedures?
Vehicle maintenance?