CAr

CORDILLERA
AUTONOMOUS
REGION

TheCordillera
Administrative
Region (CAR) is the Philippines
only land-locked region located
in the north central part of
Luzon. It is consisted of the
provinces of Abra, Apayao,
Benguet,
Ifugao,
Kalinga,
Mountain Province and Baguio
City (the regional center).

The Cordillera region

encompasses of mostly
mountainous areas with small
scattered valleys especially in
the province of Abra. Highest
peak is the 2,930 meter Mt.
Pulag located in the boundary of
Benguet and Nueva Vizcaya
provinces. This region is home to
numerous indigenous tribes
collectively called the Igorot.

MAP OF CAR REGION

Provinc
e/City

Abra

Capital Populat Area

ion(201 (km)
4)
Bangue 234,733
3,975.6

d
Apayao Kabuga 112,636
3,927.9
o
403,944
Bengue La
trinidad
2,826.59
t
Ifugao Lagawe 191,078 2,517.8
201,613
Kalinga Tabuk
3,119.7
city
Mounta Bontoc 154,187

Pop.
density
(per km)

59.0
28.7

142.9
75.9
64.6

History of
regional
formation

On June 18, 1966, Republic

Act No. 4695was enacted to
split Mountain Province into
four
separate
and
independent
provinces
ofMountain
Province,
Benguet, Ifugaoand
Kalinga-Apayao

Prior to the formal creation of

Cordillera Administrative Region,
as
a
consequence
of
the
constitutional mandate under the
1987 Philippine Constitution, the
former four provinces was loosely
underCagayan
Valley
Regionwhile the fifth province
Abra was grouped underIlocos
Region.

On
July
15,
1987,
PresidentCorazon C. Aquinoissued
Executive Order No. 220 which
created
the
Cordillera
Administrative
Region,
that
includedMountain
Province,Benguet,Ifugao,KalingaApayaoand annexed the province
ofAbraas part of the Cordillera
Administrative Region, giving the
region formal autonomy as part of
her political compromise to the

On February 14, 1995,

Kalinga-Apayao, one of the
five provinces of the region
was split into two separate
and independent provinces
of Apayao and Kalinga with
the enactment of Republic
Act No. 7878.

Several attempts at legalizing

autonomy in the Cordillera region
have
failed
in
two
separate
plebiscites. An affirmative vote for
the law on regional autonomy is a
precondition by the 1987 Philippine
Constitution to give the region
autonomy in self-governance much
like theAutonomous Region of
Muslim
Mindanaoin
southern
Philippines.

The first law Republic Act No. 6766, took

effect on October 23, 1989 but failed to
muster a majority vote in the plebiscite on
January 30, 1990.The second law, Republic
Act No. 8438 passed byCongress of the
Philippineson December 22, 1997, also
failed to pass the approval of the Cordillera
peoples in a region-wide referendum on
March 7, 1998.

At present, a third organic act of the

Cordillera is in the offing supported by the
Cordillera Regional Development Council.

Regional
economy

Regional economy of the

Cordilleras is diverse; mining,
agriculture,
export
processing zone, tourism are
among economic activities in
the different provinces of the
region.

The region is abundant with

mineral reserves. These include
metallic ores such as gold,
copper, silver, zinc, and nonmetallic minerals like sand,
gravel and sulfur. Mineral
reserves are found in all the
provinces. However, mining is
concentrated inBenguet.

Its timber resources has

dwindled since the
introduction of slash-andburn method of farming in all
parts of the Cordillera
mountain range.
Vegetable crop production
is well developed inBenguet,
rice production
inIfugaoandAbra, corn

Baguio CityandLa Trinidadare

considered as the industrial centers in
the region. Baguio City hostsBaguio
Export Processing Zonewhere
operations of big companies like Texas
Instruments, and MOOG are located.
The city also hosts offshore and
outsourcing companies operating call
centers.
The primary growth centers of the
region are Metro Baguio and the
Eastern Cordillera Growth Corridor.


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Dialect of CAR
Ilocano
Isneg
Ibaloi
Kankanaey
Ifugao
Kalanguya
Kalinga
Itneg
Pangasinan

CAR PROVINCES ,
CAPITAL AND CITIES/
MUNICIPALITIES AND
DESCRIPTION OF THE
LOCATION AS WELL
AS THE ETHNIC
PEOPLE

Municipalities

Provinc
e

ABRA
Bangu
ed

Bangued
Boliney
Bucay
Bucloc

Daguioman
Danglas
Dolores
La Paz
Lacub

Lagangilan
g

Lagayan
Langiden
Licuan
Baay
Luba
Malibcong
Manabo
Pearrubia
Pidigan
Pilar
Sallapadan
San Isidro
San Juan
Tubo

ABRA

-is a landlocked province of

the Philippines in the Cordillera
Administrative Region in Luzon.
Its capital is Bangued, and it
borders
Ilocos
Norte
and
Apayao on the north, Ilocos Sur
and Mountain Province on the
south, Ilocos Norte and Ilocos
Sur on the west, and Kalinga,
and Apayao on the east.

ABRA
The
Tingguians
are
composed of sub-groups
known as the Itneg tribes
which
includes
Adasen,
Balatok, Banaw, Belwang,
Binungan, Gubang, Inlaud,
Mabaka, Maeng, Masadiit,
and Muyadan or Ammutan.

Provinc
e

APAYAO
Kabuyao

MUNICIPALITIES
Calanasan
(Bayag)
Conner
Flora
Kabugao
Luna (Macatel)
Pudtol
Santa Marcela

APAYAO
-is a landlocked province of the
Philippines
in
the
Cordillera
Administrative Region in Luzon. Its
administrative capital is Luna and
founding capital Kabugao. It borders
Cagayan to the north and east, Abra
and Ilocos Norte to the west, and
Kalinga to the south. Prior to 1995,
Kalinga and Apayao comprised a
single province named KalingaApayao, until they were split into two
to better service the needs of
individual native tribes in the

APAYAO

Isnegtribe are also known

as the Isnag which composed
of the sub-groups known as
the Ymandaya and Imallod.

Province

BENGUET

La Trinidad

MUNICIPALITIES
*Atok
*Bakun
*Mankayan
*Buguias *Sablan
*Itogon
*Tuba
*Kabayan
*Kapangan
*La Trinidad
*Tublay

BENGUET
-is a landlocked province of the
Philippines
in
the
Cordillera
Administrative Region in Luzon. Its
capital is La Trinidad and borders,
clockwise from the south, Pangasinan,
La Union, Ilocos Sur, Mountain
Province, Ifugao, and Nueva Vizcaya.

Baguio, a popular tourist

destination in the country, is located in
the interior of the province, however,
the city is independent of the province.

Benguet
*

Ibaloi
* Kankanaey

Province

IFUGAO
Lagawe

MUNICIPALITIES
*Aguinaldo
*Alfonso Lista
*Mayoyao
*Lamot
*Asipulo
*Tinoc
*Banaue
*Hingyon
*Hungduan
*Kiangan
*Lagawe

IFUGAO
-is a landlocked province of the
Philippines
in
the
Cordillera
Administrative Region in Luzon.
Covering a total land area of
262,820 hectares, the province of
Ifugao is located in a mountainous
region characterized by rugged
terrain, river valleys, and massive
forests. Its capital is Lagawe and
borders Benguet to the west,
Mountain Province to the north,
Isabela to the east, and Nueva
Vizcaya to the south.

Province

KALINGA
Tabuk

MUNICIPALITIES
Balbalan
Labuagan
Pasil
Pinukpuk
Rizal
Tanudan
Tinglayan

KALINGA

-is a landlocked province of the

Philippines
in
the
Cordillera
Administrative Region in Luzon. Its
capital is Tabuk
and borders
Mountain Province to the south, Abra
to the west, Isabela to the east,
Cagayan to the northeast, and
Apayao to the north. Prior to 1995,
Kalinga and Apayao used to be a
single province named
KalingaApayao, until they were split into two
to better service the needs of
individual native tribes in the
provinces.

Kalinga
* Kalingan

* Banao

Province

MOUNTAIN
PROVINCE
Bontoc

MUNICIPALITIES
*Barlig
*Bauko
*Sagada
*Besao *Tagig
*Bontoc
*Natonin
*Paracelis
*Sabangan
*Sadanga

MT. PROVINCE
-is located in the central part of
Cordillera Administrative Region.
It is bounded on the North by
Kalinga and on the West by Ilocos
Sur and Abra. Towards the South
are Benguet and Ifugao and on
the East by Isabela.
The province consist of ten (10)
towns and 144 barangays with a
total land area of 209,733
hectares.

Mountain Province
*

Bontoc-Bontoc
* Balangao- Natonin
* Baliwon- Paracelis
Kankanaey-Sagada and
Sabangan

Culture
The Cordillera region is
known for its unique musical
instruments including the
gangsa
kalinga,nose
flute,bamboo flute,buzzer,
bangibang,
tongatong,
diwdiw-as, saggeypo, and
bamboo zither.

native
costume OF
CORDILLER
A

TheKalinganative

costume is
composed of a tapis (woven
rectangular cloth, worn on
thelowerhalf of the body
forwomen). In the olden ages, this
was the only costume
ofKalingawomen. I still witnessed
the time of topless women. In our
village inKalinga, during the
1960s,married womenwent topless
once they got married.

Nobody

looked at them with

malice. The malice lies in the
eyes of the beholder. The men
in turn wore "bahags" or gstrings, a thin and long cloth
which is worn around the
man'sprivate parts, with both
ends hanging from his
body.Tattooswere also in fad.

Nowadays,

people wore
uppershirtsand pants.
Some old folks though still
prefer to wear the old native
costume. Tattoos are also
still adapted by the
youngerKalingageneration
as a way of being proud of
theirancestry.

VARIOUS
food
OF
CORDILLER

PINIKPIKAN
Pinikpikanis a dish from the
mountains of the Cordillera. It is
prepared by beating a
livechickenwith a stick prior to
cooking. The beating bruises the
chicken's flesh, bringing blood to
its surface, which is said to
improve the flavour after cooking .

TAPUY
Philippine

rice wine, popularly known

astapuy, is an alcoholic rice drink. The
name is derived fromtapai a fermented
rice dish found in most of Southeast Asiaa.
It is a traditional beverage originated
fromBanaue and theMountain
Province,where it is used for important
occasions such as weddings, rice
harvesting ceremonies, fiestas and
cultural fairs. It is produced from either
pureglutinous rice or a combination of
glutinous and non-glutinous rice together
withonuadroots, ginger extract, and a
powdered starter culture locally known

Etag
Etag

(igorot) or Innasin (iloko) An

Igorotfoodthat is preserved smallslabof
meat (esp. pork) made through salttreating, sun-drying; and/or smoking. Its
color is partly dark brown with noticeable
whitish yellow fat color. It comes from
different varieties depending on the
methods used. There are three methods of
making etag which are discussed in the
procedures. Its savory and salty taste
made it a good seasoning ingredient for
some foods.

VARIOUS
FESTIVALS
OF

Panagbenga
Festival
Panagbenga / Baguio Flower
Festival which is celebrated in
February. The festival focuses on
Baguio as the Flower Garden City
of the North. Highlights include
flower exhibits, lectures, garden
tours, floral competition and a
parade of floats.

Adivay Festival
Adivay festival in Benguet
which means "coming together
of people to celebrate" is
celebrated every month of
November.
The
month-long
activities highlights the Agroindustrial and trade fair which
showcase the different products
of Benguet

Ullalim Festival
Ullalim Festival/ in Kalinga which is
celebrated every February 14. It is in
celebration of the founding anniversary of
the province and the Peace acts
calledBodong. It is the poetic expression
of the heroic exploits, romance, joys,
successes as well as tribulations, and the
way of life of the Kalingas from birth to
death. The Festival highlights the weaved
clothes (laga) exhibits, world class coffee
beans and other products of Kalinga.

Lang-ay Festival
Lang-ay Festival in Mountain Province
celebrated every April 7. This is a weeklong agro-industrial trade, tourism and
cultural fair with tribal dances and songs.
Lang-ay is a native term which describes
the tradition of the people of Mountain
Province to celebrate festivities, share
happiness,
foster
family
solidarity,
hospitality and nurture friendship - all with
a toast of home-brewed wine.

Matagoan Festival
Tabuk Matagoan Festival which
features
G-String
marathon
(runners wear G-String only),
cultural dances and songs. The
festival showcases the different
products of tabuk coming from the
different parts of Kalinga such as
the aromatic Kalinga coffee.

Tourist
attractions

Banaue Rice Terraces

Sumaguing Cave

Mummy Caves

Four National Parks

Cassamata Hill
Mount Pulag
Mt. Data and
Balbalasang-Balbalan

Cassamata Hill

Mount Pulag

Balbalasang-Balbalan

Chico River At Mt. Province

Lions head in Baguio

City

Burnham Park

Botanical Garden

Camp John Hay

Ifugao dances

People of Kalinga

Ifugao people

Tour 3A

(Philippine Tourism Geography

and Culture)

Presented by:

BSTM 2A1-2
(Group 1)
A.Y. 2015-2016