GROUP 7

WIDYA ANINDITA D. S.
MOH. FAUZAN AKBAR ASHARI.
ARYO DERDAYANSYAH
SAVINATUN NAJA

UNIT 13
PETROLEUM

OBJECTIVES

Use oil-field terms to explain the nature of oil and

natural gas.

Explain, in a proper way, how petroleum is explored.

Explain oil recovery.

Describe the people who work in an oil field.

Describe the tools used for certain purpose.

THE SIMPLE TRUTH ABOUT

PETROLEUM
Petroleum form by 2 greek words, Petro means rock and Oleum means Oil.
Nowdays, both crude oil and natural gas are referred to as petroleum.
Both of oil and gas form by hydrocarbon. The different is Oil was compound
by heavier component and gas was compound by lighter component.
Hydrocarbons is formed by dead organic matter. They accumulated in the in
the sea bed.
There are seven elements of petroleum system. They are source rock,
timing and burial, maturation, migration, reservoir rock, cap rock, and trap.

THE SIMPLE TRUTH ABOUT

PETROLEUM
a rig is required to drill an oil well.
set minimal three strings, they are conductor casing, intermediate casing,
and production casing to provide strength and protect the wellbore.
Make a perforation on the production casing, the perforation enables oil to
flow from the reservoir into the well bore.
Running tubing into the perforation zone.

THE SIMPLE TRUTH ABOUT

PETROLEUM
There is a set of valves and chokes resembling a christmas tree
The outflow from christmas tree is a complex mixture of crude oil, water,
and gas.
To separate them into each individual constituent, the fluids are flowed into
a pressurized vessel called separator.
The fluids is separating and treating in the separation and treatment
facilities.
The separation occurs by gravity force.
The employees who operating and monitoring the facilities are called
operator.

EXPLORATION
Dwiky started his field orientation in this department, he met Mr. Bambang Istadi,
an experienced geologist at Petro Village and ask several questions related to how
petroleum is form, why we can find the petroleum in subsurface.
The petroleum form use the principle of organic theory.
The theory is based on the principle that the present is the key to the past.
Petroleum is also found under the earth which is miles away from the sea.
Now to predict the location of oil seepage, the geologist used the modern
instruments, such as seismograph, magnetometer and gravitational instruments.
The accuracy of the information given by the instruments about sixty percent.
A wildcat drilling well is a gambling venture. Sometimes you get what you are
looking for, sometimes you dont get result and sometimes the wildcat goes wild.

RECOVERY
There are three kind of recovery method. Primer recovery, secondary
recovery, and tertiary recovery.
Primary recovery is derived by two kinds. Natural force and artificial lift.
Natural force reservoir is also called drive mechanism reservoir. There are
water drive, gas cap dive, depletion drive, segregation drive, and
combination drive.
There are two method of artificial lift, for the first one is gas lift, and the
second one is pumping method (SRP, HP and ESP).
Recovering oil in tight formation is sometimes not successful even with
artificial lift, then we use stimulation such explosive fracturing, acidizing,
sand fracturing,etc
Tertiary recovery commonly is called EOR (enhance oil recovery). There
thermal EOR, chemical EOR etc.

THE OILMEN
Petroleum industry involves a great deal of people.
Production is the phase of operation commencig when a well is completed
Exploitation is done by a driller engineer, include the mud engineer, cutting
and coring engineer, cementing engineer.
In preparing well for production, this department is supported by
construction department responsible for the contaction of flowline, trunklines,
manifolds and other process facilities such as separators, heaters, and tanks.
The highest position in production department s production manager. The
manager is responsible for the whole operation of the department
People who physically do the job are production operator and rostabout

THE OILMEN
Wellsite operators are responsible for keeping wells in operation
Separators, scrubber, heatera, dehydration units, compressor, and other
processing equipment are usually concentrated in a plant area
The main duty of plants operators to operators to operate these equipment
in a proper way with the coordination of panel operator
Operators who run the operation of panels in control room are called panel
operators
Panel operators should be able to speak english since communication with
other department in done through.

THE OILMEN
DRILLING

DRILLING
SUPERINTENDENT

TOOL PUSHERS
DRILLERS
DERRICKMAN
PUMP OPERATORS
DRILLING MECHANICS
TOOLMAN
ROUGHNECKS
ROUSTABOUTSZ

WELL SERVICE
SUPERINTENDENT

WELL PUMPING
SUPERVISORS
WELL COMPLETION
SUPERVISORS
WELL REMEDIAL
SUPERVISORS
WELL PULLERS
DERRICKMAN
MECHANICS
TOOLMAN
ROUGHNECKS
ROUSTABOUTS

THE OILMEN
PRODUCTION
MANAGER
BONGKO FIELD
SUPERINTEND
ENT

GAS PRODUCTION
PLANT SUPERVISORS
FIELD SUPERVISORS
FOREMEN
PANEL OPERATORS
PLANT OPERATORS
WELL OPERATORS
ROUSTABOUTS

MANDAU FIELD
SUPERRINTENDE
NT

OIL PRODUCTION
OIL PRODUCTION
PLANT SUPERVISORS
FIELD SUPERVISORS
FOREMEN
PANEL OPERATORS
PLANT OPERATORS
WELL OPERATORS
ROUSTABOUTS

PLANT SUPERVISORS
FIELD SUPERVISORS
FOREMEN
PANEL OPERATORS
PLANT OPERATORS
WELL OPERATORS
ROUSTABOUTS

TOOLS
Pipe wrench is adjustable tool (has teeth on its jaws) for pipe or couplings
Crescent wrench is the tool to loosen and tighten a bolt
Screw driver use for drive a screw
Crane, forklift, boom truck, and gin pool use to lift heavy equipment
Pipe threader used to thread on a piece of pipe

THANK YOU