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CORROSION PRINCIPLES
Chapter Outlines
2.5 Electrochemical Aspects (cont`)
2.6 Environmental Effects
2.7 Metallurgical and Other Effects
1
PASSIVITY
The passivation of a metal as it pertains to corrosion refers to the
formation of a protective surface layer of reaction product that
inhibits further reaction;
In other words, the passivation of metals refers to their loss of
chemical reactivity in the presence of a particular environmental
conditions;
There are two (2) main theories regarding the nature of the passive
film:
(i) The oxide-film theory- it is believed that the passive film is always a
diffusion-barrier layer of reaction products (e.g., metal oxides or other
compounds) that are separated the metal from its environment and
slow down the reaction rate;
(ii) The adsorption theory- it is believed that passive metals are covered
by chemisorbed films of oxygen; such a layer is supposed to displaced
the normally adsorbed HO molecules and slow down the rate of
anodic dissolution involving the hydration of metals ions;
The two theories have in common that a protective films forms on the
metal surface to create the passive state, which results in increased
corrosion resistance;
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