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Presenter: Norma Walters

to state what are ICIDH and ICIDH-2


to look at the revision of 1980 ICIDH and the
time line for development of the new ICIDH
To state the change of the title of the
classification
to look at the different dimensions of ICIDH
and ICIDH-2and there definitions
to state the applications and use of ICIDH-2

In 1980 World Health Organization published


The International Classification of
Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps
(ICIDH) as a manual of classification relating
to consequences of diseases. The 1980
ICIDH has been revised with the release of
new ICIDH-2. The aim of International
Classification of Diseases (ICD) was to
classify diseases, disorders or injuries, but
the 1980 ICIDH did not.

In 1993, Who began a revision process of


the 1980 ICIDH across all dimensions
Impairment, disability and Handicap. The
aim of the work is to provide a more
coherent and widely applicable set of
classifications, which will be conceptually
valid and useful.

Date

Milestone

Dec.1997

End of stage1of Beta testing

May 1999
for

Release of revised Beta draft


second stage testing

Dec. 1998
Beta

Completion of second stage


testing

1999

Release of new ICIDH-2

It provides a
conceptual framework
for disability which is
described in three
dimensions
Impairment, Disability
and Handicap.

The aim of the


classification is to
provide a unified and
standard language to
serve as a frame of
reference for the
consequence of health
conditions.

International
Classification of
Impairments,
Disabilities and
Handicaps.

International
Classification of
Impairments,
Activities and
Participation.

The ability is not only to


classify an individuals
circum-stance but to
provide a theoretical
framework to interrelate
impairment, disability
and handicap has made
it a powerful tool for a
range of applications
including clinical
diagnosis, and rehabilitation assessment,
record keeping in health
and rehabilitation
settings etc.

This classification
covers any
disturbances in terms
of functional changes
associated with health
conditions at body,
person and society
levels.

The aim of International


Classification of Diseases
(ICD) was to classify diseases,
disorders or injuries, but ICIDH
did not.

In the context of
health experience:

Impairment any
loss of abnormality of
psycho-logical or
anatomical structure
or function

In the context of
health condition:

Impairment is the
loss or abnormality of
body structure or of a
physiological or
psychological function.

Disability any
restriction or lack
(resulting from
impairment) of ability
to perform an activity
in the manner or
within the range
considered normal for
human being.

Activity is the
nature and extent of
functioning at the
level of the person.
Activities may be
limited in nature,
duration and quality.

Handicap is a
disadvantage for a given
individual, resulting from
an impairment or
disability, that limits or
prevents the fulfilment
of a role that is normal
(depending on age, sex
and social and cultural
factors) for that
individual (WHO, 1980).

Participation

is the nature and


extent of a persons
involvement in life
situation in relation
to impairments,
activities, health
conditions and
contextual factors.

A supplementary
annexe, Contextual
Factors - the features,

aspects and attributes


of, or objects,
structures, human-made
organizations, service
provision, and agencies
in, the physical, social
and attitudinal
environment in which
people live and conduct
their live and conduct
their lives.

1980 Handicap Six


Survival roles

Orientation
handicap
Physical
independence
handicap
Mobility handicap

ICIDH-2 Participation
seven domains of
Participation1997

Participation in
personal maintenance

Participation in
mobility

Participation in exchange of information

Participation in social
relationships

Occupation
handicap

Social integration
handicap

Participation in
social relationships

Participation in the
areas of education
work, leisure and
spirituality

Participation in
economic life

Participation in civic
and community life

Economic selfsufficiency
handicap
Other handicap

Scientific basis-eg. understanding in


studying health and health related states,
outcomes and determinants.

Common language-eg. for describing health


and health related states in order to
improve communication between different
users such as health workers, researchers,
policy makers and to the public including
people with disabilities.

Comparison of data across countries eg.


Health care disciplines

Systematic coding scheme-eg. For health


information systems.

These aims are interrelated since the need


for the used of ICIDH-2 requires for
construction of meaningful and practical
system that can be used by various
consumers for health policy, quality
assurance and out come evaluation in
different cultures.

As a statistical tool eg. collection and


recording of data, population studies, surveys
and management information systems.

As a research tool eg. to measure


outcomes, quality of life or environmental
factors.

As a clinical tool- eg. needs assessments,


imagine the effective specific conditions for
causal assessments, rehabilitation and
outcome evaluation.

As a social policy tooleg. social security


planning, compensation systems policy and
use as a social policy tool designing and
implementations.

As an educational tool-eg. increase


awareness and undertake social actions.

ICIDH-2 is useful for a broad spectrum of


different applications in insurance, social
security, labour, education, economics,
social policy, general legislation
development and environmental
modification.

Module 2 of ICIDH Learning Unit. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2016,


from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7DVaaGjVxA
WHO. (1980). International Classification of Impairments,
Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH). Retrieved January 20,
2016, From
www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DowndloadAsset.aspx?id=644245 5 478

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