1 7 2 .3 0 .1 .

2 1
2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0

VLAN

S w it c h 1

1 7 2 .3 0 .2 .1 0
2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0

No VLANs
S a m e a s a s in g le V L A N
T w o S u b n e ts

Vikash Mainanwal
Vice Principal Cum Lecturer
RMIET Saharanpur

1 7 2 .3 0 .1 .2 3
2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0

1 7 2 .3 0 .2 . 1 2
2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0

References
D. Passmore, and J. Freeman, The Virtual
LAN Technology Report,
http://www.3com.com/nsc/200374.html, March,
1997
IEEE 802.1Q, IEEE Standard for Local and
Metropolitan Area Networks: Virtual Bridge
Local Area Networks, 1998
Meng Guo , Subrata Mazumdar , Discovery of
Spanning Trees in Virtual Bridged LAN , The
Quarterly Newsletter of SNMP Technology,
Comment, and Events, Volume 9, Number 1,
December, 2001

Outline
General Concepts of VLAN

What is VLAN ?
Why use VLAN's?
Different way to assign VLAN Membership.
Spanning Tree in VLAN
Frame processing and 802.1Q standard
Different kind of logical VLAN architecture

Implementation Details of VLAN for Topology

Discovery
Different Vendor specific Solutions
SPECTRUM VLAN manager implementation
MIB used

General Concepts of VLAN

Paper: The Virtual LAN
Technology Report

What is VLAN ?
vendor-specific solution
and strategy, so defining it
is an issue.
VLAN's allow a network
manager to logically
segment a LAN into
different broadcast
domains.
multiple physical LAN
segments independent of
physical location and can
communicate as if they
were on a common LAN

Why use VLAN's?

Performance
Formation of Virtual Workgroups
Simplified Administration
Reduced Cost
Security

VLAN Membership
Membership by Port
Membership by MAC
Address
Membership by IP
Subnet Address

port

vlan

disadvantage of this
method is that it
does not allow for
user mobility.

VLAN Membership
Membership by Port
Membership by MAC
Address
Membership by IP Subnet
Address

MAC Address

vlan

1212354145121

2389234873743

3045834758445

5483573475843

Advantage :
no reconfiguration needed
Disadvantage :
VLAN membership must be
assigned initially.
performance degradation as
members of different VLANs coexist
on a single switch port

VLAN Membership
Membership by Port
Membership by MAC
Address
Membership by IP
Subnet Address

IP Subnet

vlan

23.2.24

26.21.35

Advantage:
Good for application-based VLAN
strategy
User can move workstations
eliminate the need for frame tagging
Disadvantage :
Performance/ looking for L3 address in
packet.
Less effective with protocols such as
IPX, DECnet, or AppleTalk
unroutable protocols such as NetBIOS

Frame Processing in VLAN env

Role of Bridges
bridge on receiving data determines to which
VLAN the data belongs either by implicit or
explicit tagging [802.1Q].
The bridge also keeps track of VLAN members
in a filtering database which it uses to determine
where the data is to be sent
all the bridges in the VLAN should contain the
same information in their respective filtering
databases

Active Topology of Network with

Bridges

Filtering Database
Membership information for a VLAN is stored in
a filtering database
Static Entries
Static Filtering Entries: for every port whether frames to be
sent to a specific MAC address or group address and on a
specific VLAN should be forwarded or discarded, or follow
dynamic entry
Static Registration Entries: whether frames to be sent to a
specific VLAN are to be tagged or untagged and which ports
are registered for that VLAN

Dynamic Entries (learnt by bridges)

Dynamic Filtering Entries:
Group Registration Entries: follows GVRP protocol.
Dynamic Registration Entries:

Tagging [802.1Q]
Ethernet Frame Tag Header:
Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data
Interface (FDDI) tag header:
TCI

VLAN architecture going forward

Infrastructural VLAN

Service-Based VLAN

Other Details of the Report

DHCP with VLAN

ATM with VLAN
VLAN Migration Strategy
Automatic configuration of VLAN

Implementation Details of
VLAN for Topology Discovery
Paper: Discovery of Spanning
Trees in Virtual Bridged LAN

Different Vendor specific Solutions

Avaya's VLANMaster application - only works with
Avayas Cajun switches.
Aprisma's SPECTRUM VLAN Manager It uses the
Cabletron Discovery Protocol (CDP) to find all CDP
compatible 802.1Q switches in a domain
Cisco's VlanDirector uses Cisco Discovery Protocol
(CDP) VlanDirector cannot manage any devices that do
not run CDP.
3COM's Enterprise VLAN Manager
Granite open source C API/SDK to provision VLAN
configurations using SNMP for Riverstone products.

MIB Information
MIB used
RFC1213-MIB
BRIDGE-MIB (RFC 1493)
Q-BRIDGE-MIB (RFC 2674).
Bridge MIB Used
dot1dStpPort
dot1qPvid
dot1dStpPortState
dot1dStpPortDesignatedRoot
dot1dStpPortDesignatedBridge
dot1dStpPortDesignatedPort

Discovery of Spanning Trees and

VLANs
Steps
Deduce the target Virtual Bridged LAN from an arbitrary
IP address in the Virtual Bridged LAN
Automatically discover all the bridges in the target Virtual
Bridged LAN
Collect spanning tree and VLAN related MIB variables
from the discovered brides using SNMP
Construct the spanning trees in the Virtual Bridged LAN
and associate the spanning trees with VLANs.

Implementation Detail
1
They have used Avaya's
Cajun switches, and the STP
is stored in PROMINET-MIB

2
Collecting Spanning Tree Related
Information

Implementation Detail
3

Construction of Per-VLAN
Spanning Tree

Spanning Tree of VLAN 12