Using

Logical Framework

in Planning for
Food Security
04/14/16

What is
Logical Framework (Logframe)?
A

tool for planning, monitoring and evaluating

projects

4 x 4 matrix showing the 6 Ws of a project

(Why, What, hoW, When, Which, and Where)

powerful tool for summarizing a program/

project plan

Logical Framework
Identifies
projects

the ff:

rationale

key

indicators and targets, data needs and

sources at each level

resources

required

risks/constraints

that could inhibit attaining

project objectives

Uses of Logframe
Designing

projects

Useful

programs and

for realistic planning of

the activities, resources and
inputs required to meet
objectives

Clarifying logical links between:

project inputs and activities
activities and outputs
outputs and purposes
purposes and goals
Planning monitoring and
evaluation activities

Identifying indicators by which a

projects progress is monitored
and evaluated
Identifying the conditions
necessary for the project to
achieve the expected results
Reviewing projects progress

The Vertical Logic

From the projects inputs to its ultimate
goal, there are four causal links:
between

inputs and activities

between

activities and outputs

between

outputs and purposes

between

purposes and the ultimate goal

In the design of the logframe:

the

inputs of the project should be

necessary and sufficient to achieving the
activities

the

activities should be necessary and

sufficient to achieving the outputs

the

outputs should be necessary and

sufficient to achieving the purpose

the

purpose should be necessary and

sufficient to achieving the goal

Linked Hypotheses (Vertical Logic)

GOAL
THEN

IF

THEN

PURPOSE
OUTPUTS

THEN

ACTIVITIES
IF

INPUTS

IF

THEN

IF

Logframe Concept
A

logical progression of linked means ends relationship:

If the program Goal is attainable, then what

project Purpose(s) will contribute to it

If the project Purpose will contribute to the

Goal attainment, then what Outputs will be
necessary to achieve the project Purpose

If the project Outputs are to be accomplished,

then what Activities, and Inputs will be required

Logframe Concept
Cause

and Effect

The core concept underlying the logframe

is cause and effect. The better the cause
and effect linkages between objectives,
the better the project design. By
definition, each project has this if-then or
cause and effect logic embedded in it.

Logframe provides information on:

Why - a project is carried out
(Purpose(s) and Goal)
What - the project is expected to
achieve (Outputs)

How - the project is going to

achieve its outputs/results
(Activities)
Which - external factors are crucial
for the success of the project
(Risks/Frame Conditions/
Assumptions)

How

- we can assess the success

of the project (Indicators)

Where - we will find the data

required to assess the success
(Means of Verification)
Which - resources are required for
the project (Inputs)

Parts of the Logframe

Rows

projects description or narrative

summary, objectively verifiable
indicators (OVIs), means of
verification (MOVs), and risks/
assumptions / frame conditions

Columns

are used to describe the

projects ultimate goal,
purposes, outputs, activities
and inputs

Definitions

Project Description / Narrative

Summary

is

a brief statement of each

of the projects goals,
purposes, outputs, activities,
and inputs

Goal
Is

the ultimate or idealized objective of

the project which may not be attained
during the projects life

Describes

the ultimate benefits

expected to gain by the target groups

Cannot

be and should not be attained

by a single project

Purpose
describes

what the project should

accomplish at completion, e.g.
effects, impacts (change in behavior,
increase in production, etc.)

reason

for doing the project

should

contribute to the goal

Outputs/Results
specific

results to be produced
by the project

are

what the project delivers to

accomplish the specific results,
e.g. facilities, services, goods

Outputs/Results
May be:
a) physical & conceptual - structure
reorganization
b) physical & quantitative - 5 km roads
constructed
c) physical & qualitative - newly developed/
improved system
d) physical, quantitative & behavioral - 30 farmers
taught IPM

Outputs/Results

should

always be expressed
as completed action
(past tense)

Activities

are

the actions or tasks

necessary to achieve each
output of the project

Inputs
what

is needed for
implementing the project, e.g.
personnel, funds, facilities, &
management procedures

Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs)/

Performance
Indicators

performance standards that translate

the different project components into
observable, quantified and concrete
measurements

Become the basis for monitoring and

evaluating the project

Steps in Identifying Indicators

(OVIs)
Specify what every individual element
of an objective in the descriptive
summary mean.
Qualify each indicator with respect to
envisioned beneficiaries, quality,
quantity, area/locality, time horizons.

Means of Verifications
(MOVs)
Indicates

how to acquire evidence to

determine extent of attainment of
objective(s) and where to find the
evidence required for each indicator

Together

with OVIs, the MOVs

becomes a basis for monitoring &
evaluating the project

Steps in Determining the Means

of Verifications (MOVs)
1. Are MOVs obtainable from already
existing and accessible sources?
How reliable are these
sources/data?
2. Is gathering of special data
required? If so, what will it cost?

Assumptions / Risks /
Frame Conditions
Factors

which are necessary for

the success of the project but
are outside the control of the
project

Essential

to successful project
implementation

Assumptions / Risks /
Frame Conditions

If the assumption is:

likely to happen
unsure to happen
unlikely to happen

then:

drop/change project strategy

include but monitor it
continue project strategy

So, How do the Problem Tree /

Objective Tree relate to the
Logframe?

Problem/Objective Tree
Food Security
Increase production
Improved FMR,
Capital Provided,
Improved Irrigation
Organize FAs
Construct irrigation
facilities, Organize
marketing system

Logframe

________

Development Goal

________

Purpose(s)

________

Output (s)

________

Activities

The Logframe Matrix

Narrative
Summary
Development
Goal
Project
Purpose
Outputs/
Results
Activities
Inputs

Objectively
Verifiable
Indicators

Means of
Verification

Risks/
Assumptions

Thank You
and
God Bless You All!

04/14/16