Linking Planning to

Development
By Hadi Wahyono

Background
Planning and development are two words
that are interrelated, but in their
discussions often separated.
In the discussion of the theory of planning,
development is often seen as a separate part.
Similarly, in the discussion of development
theory, planning is often viewed as a separate
part.
Today course discussed the relationship
between planning and development, in
particular linked to the planning and
development theory.

PLANNING OVERVIEW

What is planning?
:Source: Concepts and Techniques in Urban Analysis, Bola Ayeni, 1979, hal 357.

Planning is a process of human thought

and action about the future.
The elements of planning:
Planning to have a process.
The planning process thought or done by humans.
The ideas of planning is used to perform the
action.
The action plan is based on the result of thinking
to do in the future.
Action planning was done intentionally, because
the thought of it first.

Planning as a Bridge for

Actions
Planning acts as
an intervening
variable
between
knowledge and
action (Westley
1995, p 396).
The essence of
planning is
preventative
rather than
remedial...
(Catanese and
Steiss 1968:
174).

Why planning is needed?

Planning is the first step of
management process concerned with
the establishment of objectives and
analysis of present limitations for
attaining such goal.
Actions of planning needing:
What should be done
How it should be done
Who will be responsible
Where the action is to be taken
Why is it done

Principles of Planning Process Cycle

Act
Check

Plan
Do

Planning
Process

Planning

Act

OCIAL REFORM

CIAL LEARNING

ICY ANALYSIS

Teori

AL MOBILIZATION

11

DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW

Debat over development definitions

Development has a sense assortment. There is a
debat in defining develoopment.
In general, an understanding of development has
its own development different from other
scholars.
Development of commonly defined as a process
of change, with a variety of substances, such as
economic, social, environmental, and human.
In this discussion, the development is more
focused on the understanding of development in
general, are related to the process of change
for the better.

Development Definition #1

Development Planning Concepts and Tools for Planners, Managers and Facilitators; Reidar Dale; hal. 1.

Development denotes change in some

sense or a state that has, normally, been
attained through some noticeable
change.
Development shows the changes in some cases
or circumstances, typically, achieved through
some real changes.

Development mainly denotes a desirable

ongoing or intended process of change.
Development mainly shows the ongoing
process or a process of change that is
desired.

Development Definition #2
Development Planning Concepts and Tools for Planners, Managers and
Facilitators; Reidar Dale; hal. 1.

Development is viewed as a process of

societal change that generates some
perceived benefits for people, or a
state of human well-being attained
through such a process.
Development is seen as a process of social
change that produces some of the perceived
benefits for the people, or a condition of human
welfare that is achieved through the process.
Development:
Dynamic process.

Development Definitionn #3
Ginanjar Kartasasmita (1994)

Development is a process of
change towards the better
through the efforts of a planned
manner.
Pembangunan adalah proses perubahan
ke arah yang lebih baik.
Proses perubahan dilakukan secara
terencana.

Development Definition #4

Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah; Riyadi dan Deddy Supriyadi Bratakusumah; (2005).

Development is a process for change.

While a growth is a process of change
that occurs naturally as a result of their
development.
Development is the cause of change
and growth.
Without the development, there is no
change or growth.

Pengertian Pembangunan #5
Teori dan Praktek Kepemimpinan; Sondang P. Siagian; 1994.

Development is a series of growth and

change efforts that is planned and carried
out consciously by the nation, the state
and government, in order to develop
towards modernity (nation building).
Development is an effort to make changes
thoroughly.
Development is a process of modernization.

Development Definition #6

Pembangunan Wilayah : Perspektif Ekonomi, Sosial, dan Lingkungan; Nugroho dan Rochmin Dahuri, 2004.

Development can be interpreted as a coordinated effort

to create an alternative that is more rightfully given to
every citizen to meet and achieve the aspirations of the
most humane (Nugroho and Rochmin Dahuri, 2004).
The first theme is the coordination, which implies the need
for an action plan as discussed earlier.
The second theme is the creation of an alternative that
more legitimately. This may imply that the development
should be oriented to diversity in all aspects of life. There is no
mechanism requires the creation of institutional and legal
trustworthy capable of acting in an efficient, transparent, and
fair.
The third theme achieve the aspirations of the most
humane, which means that development should be oriented
towards problem solving and the development of moral values
and ethical people.

Pengertian Pembangunan #7

Hubungan Antar Suku Bangsa, Masyarakat dan Kebudayaan Perkotaan; Parsudi Suparlan; 2004.

Development of a series of efforts that are planned

and implemented by governments, agencies or
international institutions, national or local embodied
in the forms of policies, programs, or projects, which
are planned to change the way of life or culture of a
society so citizens can live better or more
prosperous than before the existence of such
development.
Development implemented by governments and official
other agencies
The form of the development plan is a policy, program or
project.
Development is done to change community conditions for
the better.

Is it development?

Development impact?

Rostows Development Theory

Source: Theories and Practices of Development; Katie Willis; 2005; 40.

Sumber: Theories and Practices

of Development; Katie Willis; 2005.

Steps of Rostows Development Theory

Sumber: Theories and Practices

of Development; Katie Willis; 2005.

Marxists social development theory

Sumber: Theories and Practices

of Development; Katie Willis; 2005.

History of
Developmen
t
Approaches

Source: Theories and Practices

of Development; Katie Willis; 2005; hal. 27.

PLANNING LINKING TO
DEVELOPMENT

Linking Policy, Planning And Budgeting

In The
Planning And Resource Management
Cycle

THANK YOU