Nursing Theories

By
Mrs.Melba Sahaya Sweety
AMCON Coimbatore

Definition
Theory

Theory is defined as a set of interpretative assumption,

principles and proposition that help to explain or

guide action.
- Young , Taylor and Repenning (2000)
Creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that project a
tentative purposeful and systematic view of
phenomena.
- Chinn and Knammer(2003)
It is an organized , coherent set of concepts and their
relationship to each other that offers descriptions,
explanations and prediction about phenomena
Parker (2001)
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Nursing Philosophies
Philosophy Definition

Love and pursuit of wisdom by intellectual

means and self discipline
It is defined as a statement of believes and
values about human beings and their world

Nursing Philosophy Definition

Nursing philosophy has been described as a statement
of foundational and assumptions ,believes and
knowledge and thought and about the nature of the
entities represented in the meta paradigm Reed 1995
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Classification of Nursing
Theories

Depending on function

Depending on the generalisability

of their principles

Based on philosophical under

pinning of the theories

Goals of Theoretical Nursing

models
Identify domain and goals of nursing
Provide knowledge to improve nursing
administration,practice,education and research
Guide research to establish empirical knowledge
base for nursing
Identify areas to be studied
Identify research techniques and tools that will be
used to validate nursing interventions
Identify nature of contribution that research will
make to advancement of knowledge
cont

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cont
Formulate
legislation governing nursing practice,
research and education.
Formulate regulations interpreting nurse practice acts
so that nurses and others better understands laws
Develop curriculum plans for nursing education
Establish criteria for measuring quality of nursing
care, education and research.
Guide development of nursing care delivery
Provide systematic structure and rationale for
nursing activities

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Nursing models

A nursing model is a set of inter related concepts

that represents a particular way of thinking about
nursing , clients , health and environment.
The models are examined to determine how well
each model / theory fits with the clients
health , concerns the nurses own view of nursing
health. Clients and environment and mission,
goals and philosophy of the employment agency.

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General models

Maslows hierarchy of needs

Ericksons eight stages of development

General systems model

Aguilera and Mesick's : crisis intervention

model
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Family model

Duvall's family development model

Stevensons family developmental model

Saters interactional family model

Friedmans structural functional family model

Calgary's family model

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Nursing models/ Theories

Needs / problem Oriented theory
Florence nightingale environmental theory
Faye Glenn Abdullah holistic nursing problems theory
Virginia Henderson complementary , supplementary
model
Dorothea Orem self care deficit theory
Lydia E Hall care ,core and cure total person
approach
Jean Watsons human caring model

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 Interaction
Hildegard
Ida

Oriented theory

Palau -Interpersonal model

Jean Orlandos nursing patient interaction model

Ernestine
Imogene

Wiedenbach prescriptive theory

making interpersonal and goal attainment

theory
Paterson

and Zderad humanistic nursing practice theory

Ericksons

, Tomlin and Swain theory of modeling and

role modeling
Boykin

and Schoenhofer nursing caring model

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Systems Oriented theory

Dorothy ,E Johnson Behavioral systems model

Sister Callista Roy adaption model

Betty Neumann: Health care systems model

Myraestrin Levine: Adaption conservation and

integrity model

Madeleine Leininger : Transcultural Nursing Model

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Energy field theory

Martha

E Rogers science of unitary beings

model
Parses

Man- Living :Health model

Margaret

Newman : Health as Expanding

consciousness model
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Application of Nursing
theories in Nursing practice
Introduce

and orient nursing theories to practicing

nurses and nursing students through inservice or
continuing nursing education programs
Make available each theorists nursing system
design/frame work in the clinical nursing units/
library
Discuss clinical nursing problems(patient/unit) and
solve problems using a specific nursing theory
Motivate to assess diagnose , priorities plan
implement care on the theoretical concepts of a
specific theorists if nurse uses the nursing process
frame work - cont..
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Cont.
Emphasize and give more weightage for application
of suitable nursing theories in clinical situation
Guide in evaluating the theory and making the
approach choice of a theory for application an a
specific situation
Introduce an organization policy on application of
nursing theories
Convince the nursing or non nursing fraternity in
clinical nursing unit on importance of nursing
process approach and need for the record to be
include in patients chart as a useful document for
quality assurance

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Statement of the Problem

An experimental study to assess the

effectiveness of vitamin E upon
menopausal symptoms among
menopausal women at Chennai.

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Thank
you..,
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