Est 3

Final Coaching
Questions
Electronics System & Technologies

A system for controlling network traffic
which allows any station to transmit
without relying on central control but
has provisions to recover from
situations in which two or more
stations transmit at once
CSMA/CD

Who invented a telegraph multiplexer
which allowed signals from up to six
different telegraph machines to be
transmitted simultaneously over a
single wire.
Emile Baudot

It is the official standards agency for
the united states and is the U.S.
voting representative for the ISO
ANSI-American National
Standards Institute

Frame relay operates in the ________.
physical and data-link layers

It is the type of crosstalk caused by
inadequate control of the frequency
response of a transmission system,
poor filter design, or poor filter
performance.
transmittance crosstalk

An alternative energy used and
developed in laboratories in the
1960s commercialized and proved
that it is more convenient than the
electromagnetic energy?
surface acoustic wave

It is a diversity technique wherein the
output of a transmitter is fed to two or
more antennas that are physically
separated by an appreciable number of
wavelengths.
space diversity

A device that allows a signal to pass in
only one direction.
isolator

Suppose that the transmitter and
receiver towers have equal height.
How high would they have to be to
communicate over a distance of 40 km
at least 23.5 m

The deviation of a wave as it passes an
obstacle or passes through a small
aperture.km
diffraction

The critical frequency at a particular
time is 11.6MHz. What is the MUF for
a transmitting station if the required
angle of incidence for propagation to
a desired destination is 70 degrees.
33.9 MHz

For a carrier frequency of 6 GHz and a
distance of 50 km, determine the
free space path loss.
142 dB

____ propagation of electromagnetic
energy includes radiated energy that
travels in the lower few miles of
earths atmosphere.
space wave

A means of propagation in which the
waves are confined within a
refractive region of the troposphere
or between such a region and the
ground.
ducting

The only ionosphere layer that remains
at night
F-layer

Modulating two RF carrier frequencies
with the same IF intelligence, then
transmitting both RF signals to a
given destination.
frequency diversity

A region near an object in which
diffraction effects are significant.
Fresnel Zone

During the daytime, it is located
between 85 miles to 155 miles (140
km to 250 km) above earths surface.
F1 layer

Is located approximately between 60
miles to 85 miles above earths
surface. It is sometimes called the
Kenelly-Heviside layer.
E-layer

During the daytime, it is located
between 85 miles to 155 miles (140
km to 250 km) above earths surface.
F1 layer

In a microwave system, the antenna
sees a sky temperature of 150K, and
the antenna feedline has a loss of 5
dB. Calculate the noise temperature
of the antenna/ feedline system,
referenced to the receiver input.
245.70 K

The ability of a receiver to receive
weak signals with a satisfactory signal
to noise ratio.
Sensitivity

A protection switching arrangement in
which each working radio channel has
a dedicated backup or spare channel.
Hot Standby

It combines frequency, space,
polarization and receiver diversity
into one system.
Quad Divesity

Probably the most important parameter
considered when evaluating the
performance of a microwave
communications system.
Carrier-to-noise

The minimum wideband carrier power
at the input to a receiver that will
provide a usable output is called
_______.
Receiver Sensitivity

The lowest layer of the ionosphere and
is located approximately between 30
and 60 miles (50km to 100km) above
the Earths surface.
D layer

The plane of polarization of the wave is
rotated if the frequency of the
microwave is above the resonant
frequency of the ferrite electrons.
Faraday rotation effect

A power of 100 watts is supplied to a
isotropic radiator. What is the power
density at a point 10 km away?
79.6 nW/m2

It is often defined as the loss incurred by an
electromagnetic wave as it propagates in a
straight line through a vacuum with no
absorption or reflection of energy from
nearby subjects.
Free space path loss

A singe RF carrier is propagated with 2
electromagnetic polarization.
polarization diversity

It is the number of signaling elements or
symbols that occur in a given unit of time,
such as 1 s.
Baud rate

Data transmission of one character at a time
with start and stop bits is known as what
type of transmission?
Asynchronous

The channel capacity of a 5-kHz bandwidth
binary system is _____bits/s assuming no
noise.
10000

The 5-bit code used in teletype systems is
called the _______ code.
Baudot

he circuit used to demodulate BPSK is a(n)
_______.
Balanced modulator

The basic building block of a parity generator
circuit is the ____ gate.
XOR

A PBX is a type of _______ topology LAN.
star

The process of comparing one directsequence SS signal to another in an effort
to obtain a match is called ________.
Correlation

The acronym PBX means ________.
Private Branch Exchange

In data communications terminology, mark
and space refer respectively to?
Binary 1 and binary 0

The no. of symbols occurring per second in a
data transmission is called the _________.
baud rate

Is an error in which two or more nonconsecutive bits within a given data string
are in error.
multiple-bit error

The phasor representation of a sinusoidal
signal comes from ________ theorem.
Eulers Theorem

The amplitude spectrum has ______
symmetry while the phase spectrum has
______ symmetry in dealing with conjugate
phasors.
even;odd

The ________ processes the input signal to
produce a transmitted signal to the
transmitted signal suited to the
characteristics of transmission channel.
transnmitter

It is the waveform perturbation caused by
imperfect response of the system to the
desired signal itself.
distortion

The helical antenna radiates a(n) ______
polarized wave.
Circularly

Balanced transmission line is not used for
microwaves because of ________.
Radiation losses

The parabolic reflector usually has a
diameter that is no less than ___
wavelengths at the operating frequency.
10

As frequency increases into the gigahertz
range, distributed capacitance and
inductance become _______ everywhere in
a circuit.
very important

The ______ refers to the ratio between the
power coupled to the secondary guide, for
signals traveling in the two possible
directions along the main guide.
directivity

These are advantages of microwave radio
except for
microwave frequencies propagate in

a straight line

________ is using more than one receiver for
a single radio-frequency channel.
receiver diversity

______ is probably the most important
parameter considered when evaluating the
performance of a microwave
communications system.
Carrier-to-noise ratio

In a Yagi antenna, maximum direction of
radiation is toward the
Director

What happens when a horn antenna is made
longer?
gain increases

The phasor representation of a sinusoidal
signal comes from ____________ theorem.
Eulers Theorem

What is RSA?
Rivest-Shamir-Adleman

The ___________ processes the input signal
to produce a transmitted signal to the
transmitted signal suited to the
characteristics of transmission channel.
transnmitter

It is the waveform perturbation caused by
imperfect response of the system to the
desired signal itself.
distortion

A special type of transmission line that
consists of a conductive metallic tube
through which high-frequency
electromagnetic energy is propagated
waveguide

It is defined as the difference between either
the mark or space frequency and the
center frequency, or half the difference
between the mark and space frequencies.
frequency deviation

It refers to the rate of change of a
signal on the transmission medium
after encoding and modulation have
occurred.
baud

The process of efficiently converting
the output of either an analog or
digital source into a sequence of
binary digits
source encoding
data compression

Coding Scheme that records the change
in sample level since the previous
sample
delta modulation

It was the first fixed length character
code.
Baudot Code

Conversion of a PCM or delta
modulation to analog samples
Decoding

A system for translating logic ones and
zeros into voltage or current levels
for transmission.
Line code

A series of pulses in which the
amplitude of each pulse represents
the amplitude of the information
signal at a given time.
PAM

Combination of compression at the
transmitter and expansion at the
receiver of communications system.
Companding

A device launches or receives a wave in
a transmission line or waveguide in
one direction only.
directional coupler

A type of linear-beam microwave tube
that uses velocity modulation of the
electron beam
klystron

A ___________ is similar to a phasor
diagram except that the entire
phasor is not drawn.
constellation diagram

It was the first fixed length character
code.
Baudot Code

It involves transmitting each character
twice.
Redundancy

The __________ provides the mathematical
justification for using a Gaussian Process as a
model for a large number of different physical
phenomena in which the random variable, at
a particular instant of time, is the result of a
large number of individual random events.
Central Limit Theorem

A set of communication facilities allowing
direct access to 64kpbs data streams (or
multiples of) for drop and insert. A form of
cell relay, supports B-ISDN.
Asynchronous transfer mode

(ATM)

A series of pulses, in which the timing of
each pulse represents the ampltitude of
the information signal at a given time.
Pulse Position Modulation

A line of sight radio link operating at a
frequency of 6GHz has a separation of 40km
between antennas. An obstacle in the path is
located 10km form the transmitting antenna.
By how much must the beam clear the
obstacle?
11.6m
Electronics Engineering
Variation in received field strength over time
due to changes in propagation conditions.
Fading

Which of the following antenna types is not
designed for transmitting at 10 Ghz
Zepp antenna

The type of radio wave responsible for long
distance communications by multiple skips
is the:
Direct Wave

Line of sight communications is not a factor
in which frequency range?
HF

A receiver-transmitter station used to
increase the communications range of VHF,
UHF and microwave signals is called a(n):
Repeater

It represents the simplest whole number
ratio of the various types of atoms in a
compound.
empirical formula

It is a term that is often misunderstood and
commonly confused with bit rate (bps)
Baud

Defined as the optimum level of a test tone
on a channel at same point in a
communication system.
transmission level point

Duplicating each data unit for the purpose of
detecting errors is a form of error
detection called _____
redundancy

Determine the wavelength of a 4 Ghz signal.
0.075m

What is the device that converts energy from
one form to another?
transducer

It may be defined as any undesired voltages
or currents that ultimately end up
appearing in the receiver output.
Electrical noise

The channel capacity of a 5 kHz bandwidth
binary system is ____ bits/s. Assuming no
noise.
10,000

Microwaves are frequencies above _____
GHz.

The government agencies that regulates
radio communications in the US is the
________.
FCC (Federal Communications

Commision)

A wave guide acts a/an _______ filter
High-pass

Coax is not used beyond frequencies of about
______

Data Communications refers to the
transmission of ________.
voice
video
Computer data

Determine the peak frequency deviation for
a binary FSK signal with a mark frequency
of 49 kHz, space frequency of 51kHz and
an input bit rate of 2kbps.
1 kHz

It is often used to compare the performance
of one digital modulation technique to
another.and an input bit rate of 2kbps.
bandwidth efficiency

It is the process of converting an infinite
number of possibilities to a finite number
of conditions.
quantization

For a PCM system with a maximum analog
frequency of 4kHz, determine the
minimum sample rate.
8 kHz

It is another relatively simple form of
redundancy error checking where each
character has a numerical value assigned
to it.
Checksum

It is a modulation and multiplexing technique
that distributes the signal and its sidebands
over a very wide bandwidth.
Spread spectrum

The computers that hold shared files,
programs and the network operating
system. They also provide access to
network resources to all the users of the
network.
Servers

It is defined by the ITU-T as a service that
provides transmission channels capable of
supporting transmission rates greater than
the primary data rate.
Broadband ISDN

It is the only error-correction scheme that
actually detects and corrects transmission
errors when they are received without
requiring a transmission.
Forward Error Correction

This OSI Layer is responsible for network
availability, data storage and processor
capacity. It also determines the type of
dialogue available.
Session layer

It is often defined as the loss incurred by
an electromagnetic wave as it propagates
in a straight line through a vacuum with no
absorption or reflection of energy from
nearby objects.
free space path loss

What do you call the accumulation of
additional sounds such as wind, street
noise, other voices that contribute to what
the listener hear?
ambience

It is a single transmission path from
transmitter to receiver with line of sight
range.
hop

It is defined by the average rate at which
energy is carried out per unit area.
intensity

What happens to the frequency of the wave
and to its wavelength when a sound wave
produced in one medium enters another
medium with a different speed?
the frequency of the wave stays

the same while the wavelength
changes.
Electronics Engineering &

Technologies
A hollow metal pipe used to carry
microwaves is called a(n) ______.
Waveguide

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Final Coaching

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

physical and data-link layers

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

surface acoustic wave

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Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

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Electronics System & Technologies

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Electronics System & Technologies

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Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

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Electronics System & Technologies

Faraday rotation effect

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Electronics System & Technologies

Free space path loss

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Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

Electronics System & Technologies

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Private Branch Exchange

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Binary 1 and binary 0

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microwave frequencies propagate in

Electronics System & Technologies