THE DYNAMICS OF

PEOPLE AND
ORGANIZATIONS
PREPARED BY:
ECHALUSE, IVAN ORLEY
GUIYAB, JODEE B.

ORGANIZATION
A social unit of people that is structured and managed to
meet a need or to pursue collective
goals. All organizations have a management structure that
determines relationships between the different activities and
the members, and subdivides and assigns roles,
responsibilities .

UNDERSTANDING OF
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
DEFINITION OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
GOALS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
FORCES OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Is the systematic study and careful application of knowledge
about how people --- as individuals and as groups --- act
within organizations.

FIVE LEVELS OF ANALYSIS

INDIVIDUALS
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS
SMALL GROUPS
INTERGROUP RELATIONS
WHOLE SYSTEM

FOUR GOALS OF
ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR
DESCRIBE - how people behave under a variety of
condition
UNDERSTAND - It enables to determine why people behave
as they do
PREDICT - Decision makers would be able to know the
likely behavior which employees might be dedicated and
productive, or which ones might be absent, tardy,
uncommitted or disruptive
CONTROL - Level of control will develop some human
activity at work

FORCES OF
ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR
PEOPLE
STRUCTURE OF FORMAL RELATIONSHIP
TECHNOLOGY
ENVIRONMENT

PEOPLE
People make up the internal social system of the
organization

PEOPLE

STRUCTURE
Structure defines the formal relationship and use of people in
organizations

STRUCTURE OF RELATIONSHIP

TECHNOLOGY
Technology provides the resources with which people work
and affects the tasks that they perform

TECHNOLOGY

ENVIRONMENT - refers to the forces and institutions outside

that potentially affects the organizations performances.

NATURE OF PEOPLE
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
PERCEPTION
A WHOLE PERSON
MOTIVATED BEHAVIOR
DESIRE FOR INVOLVEMENT
VALUE OF THE PERSON

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
Every individual in the world is different from others. This idea is
supported by science. Each person is different from all others,
probably in million ways, just as each persons DNA profile is
different.

PERCEPTION
the way you think about or understand someone or something.
the ability to understand or notice something easily.
the way that you notice or understand something using one of
your senses.

A WHOLE PERSON
An employees personal life is not detached from his
working life. As an example, A women who attend the office
at 8:30 AM is always anxious for her childrens school time
(if her children able to attend the school or not). As a result,
its impact falls on her concentration that means her working
life. For this reason, we cannot separate it.

MOTIVATED BEHAVIOR
It represents the reasons for people's actions,
desires, and needs
The general desire or willingness of someone to do
something.

DESIRE FOR INVOLVEMENT

Every employee is actively seeking opportunities at
work to involve in decision-making problems. They
hunger for the chance to share what they know and
to learn from the experience. So, organization should
provide them a chance to express their opinions,
ideas and suggestion for decision-making problem. A
meaningful involvement can bring mutual benefit for
both parties.

THE VALUE OF PERSON

An employee wants to be treated separately from other factor
of production (land, capital, labor).
. For this reason, they want to be treated with carrying
respect, dignity and other things from their employers and
society.

NATURE OF ORGANIZATION
SOCIAL SYSTEMS
MUTUAL INTERESTS
ETHICS

Human Resource Approach

This approach recognizes that human resources in an
organization are the central force. Their development will
contribute to the success of the organization.
Human resources approach provides for the changes in the
managerial role. It requires that the managers, instead of
controlling the employees, should provide active support to
them by treating them as part of the group.

Contingency Approach
The approach stresses that there is no single way to manage
effectively under all circumstances.
The methods of behaviors which work effectively in one
situation may fail in another.
Effective management processes will vary in different
situations depending on the individuals and groups in the
organisation, the nature of the job and technology, the
environment facing the organisation and its structure.

Result Oriented Approach

Productivity means the numerical value of the ratio of output
to input.
Higher the value of this ratio, greater is the efficiency and
effectiveness of the management.
The traditional concept of productivity was concerned with
economic inputs and output only. But nowadays human and
social inputs and outputs are equally important.

System Approach
The systems approach is of the view that an organisation is a
powerful system with several subsystems which are highly
and closely interconnected.
Any action taken to solve the problems in one subsystem will
have its effect on the other subsystems as well; since all the
parts of the organisation are closely connected. Thus, this
approach gives the managers a way of looking at the
organisation as a whole, whole group, and the whole social
system.

Limitations of
Organizational Behavior:

Limitations of Organizational Behavior:

1.
2.

3.

Behavioral bias: It further causes dependence,

contentment, indiscipline, and irresponsibility.
Law of diminishing returns: It says that beyond a certain
point, there is a decline in output even after each
additional good or positive factor.
Unethical practices and manipulation of
people: Knowledge of motivation and communication
acquired can be used to exploit subordinates in an
Organization by the manipulative managers.

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING.!