SEMINAR

ON
AUTOMATION IN POWER SYSTEM

Submitted To:

Submitted By:
Sakshi Sharma
MTPS-14-05

Need of SCADA Automation In

Power System
High human labor with very less control over system

devices
Time required to collect various data from numerous Grid

Substations
Increasing Power Theft

Continued..
As automation improves information availability and better

visibility
Reduction is now possible of Fault Restoration time
Customer Services are more easier
Gives Real time and historical data for analysis

SCADA System & Architecture

Supervisory Control and Data

Acquisition
This HMI includes hardware
as RTUs, PCUs etc. with
software Like WS 500 to
design distribution system as
Single Line Diagrams (SLDs)
and a secure communication
network
Improve
supervision,
coordinate,
control
and
operation over Distribution
devices remotely in real time

Power System Automation

Power System Automation is a system for managing, controlling and

protecting the various components connected to the power network.
It obtains the real time information from the system, local and remote
control applications with advanced electrical system protection.
The core of power system automation stands on local intelligence, data
communications with supervisory control and
monitoring.

Structure of Power System Automation

Electrical Protection
Control
Measurement
Monitoring
Data Communications

Electrical Protection of Power System Automation

Electrical Protection is the most important concept of the
Power system Automation, to protect the equipment and
personnel and to limit the damage at fault.
Remote control functions to control Substations remotely from
the SCADA. Commands can be given directly to the remote
control devices (open and close of circuit breakers, relay
settings, requests for
information from the SCADA station).
A safe working environment is created for personnel and
the operator or engineer at the SCADA has a complete over
view of the entire Power network.

Architecture for Power System Automation

Continued..
Level 1: This level contains the field equipment and Switch gear, CTs,
PTS, etc. Monitoring and measurement of system parameters are carried
out at this layer.
Level 2: This level contains the protection and control equipment.
Protective relays, RTUS and IEDs constitute this layer. The collected
information for layer 1 is processed here.
Level 3: This level contains the Operator Display and Engineering
Workstation for executing the programs. This level is also called as the
Energy Management Systems (EMS) Level or Layer, where network
analysis programs are run for operating the system

Continued..
Power system automation is concerned mostly with levels 1 and
2. The RTUs and IEDs on receiving
information determine the tasks to be carried out for
automation. The usual tasks in automation are
1) Switching (on or off) of Equipment like Capacitors,
Reactors
2) Network Switching (on or off) or Reconfiguration of
Transmission or distribution lines
3) Changing settings on equipment (Transformer on-load tap
changing)

Distribution Automation
Distribution Automation systems have been defined as system
that enable an electric utility to monitor, coordinate and operate
system components in a real time mode from remote locations
the distribution automation is modular and may be implemented
in phases to include remote monitoring and control of substation,
feeder and consumer devices and loads.

The goals of Distribution Automation are:

Reduced costs
Improve service reliability
Better consumer service
Enhance government relations
Continuous monitoring and controlling of various electrical

parameters in both normal and abnormal conditions

Quick response to customer service interruptions

Remote Terminal Units (RTUs)

Programmable Logic

Key Process to monitor

an entire system in real
Extension Rack
time
Basic Rack
facilitated by data
acquisitions including
Power Supply
meter reading,
Cards
checking status of
sensors, etc.
Gathers information
and execute commands
over Master Control
Centre

SCADA For Power Distribution System

The implementing SCADA to the power distribution not only reduces the manual
labor operation and its cost but facilitates automatic smooth operations with
minimizing disruptions.
Most of the power distribution or utility companies rely on manual labor to
perform the distribution tasks like interrupting the power to loads, all the
parameter hourly checking, fault diagnosis, etc.

In power system where it collects the entire data from various electrical
substations (even at remote locations) and correspondingly process the data.

Continue..
Programmable logic controllers in substations continuously
monitor the substation components and corresponding transmits
that to centralized PC based SCADA system.
In the event of any outages of power this SCADA allows to
detect the exact location of fault therefore without waiting for the
calls from customers SCADA gives an alarm system to the
operators for identifying and preventing it. And also in
substations SCADA automatically controls isolator switches and
circuit breakers for violating parameter limits, thereby
continuous inspection of parameters are performed without a line
worker.

Benefits of Implementing SCADA systems for

Electrical Distribution:
Increases reliability through automation
Eliminates the need for manual data collection
Alarms and system-wide monitoring enable operators to

quickly spot and address problems

Automation protects workers by enabling problem areas to be
detected and addressed automatically
Operators can use powerful trending capabilities to detect
future problems, provide better routine maintenance of
equipment and spot areas for improvement
Historians provides the ability to view data in various ways to
improve efficiency

Advantages of Automation System:

Portable and cost efficient

Efficient with less manpower
Self-checking and reliability
Flexible simple reliable

Automation Tasks:

Data acquisition
Power System Supervision
Power System Control
Power System Automation
I&C System IEDs

Continued..

PLC
Programmable Logic Key Process to monitor an entire system in real time
Facilitated by data acquisitions including meter reading, checking status of
sensors, etc.
Gathers information and execute commands over Master Control Centre
Protocol Gateway
IEDs communicate over serial connections by speaking a particular language
or protocol. A protocol gateway converts communications from one protocol
to another. This task is often performed by software on a personal computer.

Continued..

Better Data Presentation for Improved Analysis

SCADA systems provide many advantages including increased reliability, reduced
costs, improved worker safety, greater customer satisfaction and improved
utilization. Their alarms and real-time views into operations can prevent small
problems from becoming big ones, and can also speed restoration time.
Implementation Considerations
While a modern SCADA system provides multiple benefits in a cost-effective
manner, there are factors to consider. At the substation level and at DER connection
points, data must be collected and made available to the SCADA system.

Continued..
Increase Uptime, Cut Costs
Many utilities still rely on manual labor to perform electrical distribution
tasks that can be easily automated with SCADA systems. In addition to
cutting labor costs, automation facilitates smoother operations while
minimizing disruptions. Modern SCADA systems feature built-in
redundancy and backup systems to provide sufficient reliability, and can be
much faster-acting and consistent than manual processes.
SCADA systems, however, do more than simply collect data. They also
deliver automated control that greatly benefits utilities. Their alarms detect
problems in the system, and analysis of these problems enables adjustments
and corrections, often preventing an outage.
Improved Operations Meet Demands
Modern SCADA systems provide powerful tools that give operators a realtime view into operations in order to optimize the power distribution system
for maximum efficiency. Trending tools arrange data in various ways, and
graphical interfaces simplify analysis.

THANK YOU